us history 5
Terms
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- harper's ferry
- Location of federal arsenal that John Brown raided to get guns to arm slaves
- confiscation act
- act passed by congres declared all slaves used in support of confederates would be considered freed. the act reflected the momentum behind emancipation early in the war
- black codes
- Legal restrictions on blacks, such as cannot serve on juries, no interracial marriage
- command of the army act
- prohibited the president from issuing military orders except through the commanding general of the army (General Grant), who could not be relieved or assigned elsewhere without the consent of the Senate.
- ulysses s grant
- an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.
- tenure of office
- passed by Congress in 1867 -stated that the president cannot fire any appointed officials without consent of Congress - Congress passed this act knowing that Johnson would break it - Johnson fired Stanton without asking Congress, thus giving Congress a reason to impeach him
- appomattox court house
- famous as the site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant
- impeachment of johnson
- made Tenure of Office Act in 1867 (prohibited the president from removing a federal official or military commander without the approval of the Senate), got rid of Edwin Stanton, was impeached, tried but not convicted, Senate did want to set a bad precdent to remove a president for political reasons (the Republicans in Congress made this law to set him up)
- dred scott v. sanford
- Supreme Court case that decided US Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in federal territories and slaves, as private property, could not be taken away without due process - basically slaves would remain slaves in non-slave states and slaves could not sue because they were not citizens
- boss tweed
- William Tweed, head of Tammany Hall, NYC's powerful democratic political machine in 1868. Between 1868 and 1869 he led the Tweed Reign, a group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city. Example: Responsible for the construction of the NY court house; actual construction cost $3million. Project cost tax payers $13million.
- 10% plan
- Under Lincoln's ____ plan, a minority of voters, 10% of those who had cast ballots for the election of 1860, would have to take an oath of allegiance to the Union & accept emancipation. They then could create a loyal state government.
- 13th amendment
- abolishes slavery in the U.S.
- amnesty act
- passed in may of 1872
- john brown
- Well-known abolitionist. used violence to stop slavery immediately, involved in the Pottawatomie Massacre, he ws tried, convicted of treason and hung... he became a martyr.
- greenback party
- This party formed in the 1870s whose platform included various measures like expanding money supply to benefit farmers in the W and S. In 1878 Greenback candidates got more than 1 million votes and 14 seats in Congress. The party faded in 1878
- freedmen's bureau
- a federal agency, formed to aid and protect the newly freed blacks in the South after the Civil War. Established by an act of Mar. 3, 1865
- wade davis bill
- bill passed by congress and vetoed by president lincoln that would have given congress control of reconstruction
- military reconstruction act
- the governments of the southern states using the governments of the northern states as examples. It was also implemented to ensure that the civil rights of the free blacks in the South
- whiskey ring
- During the Grant administration, a group of officials were importing whiskey and using their offices to avoid paying the taxes on it, cheating the treasury out of millions of dollars.
- confederacy
- the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861
- abraham lincoln
- One of the most skillful politicians in Republican party. Lawyer. Tried to gain national exposure by debates with Stephen A. Douglas. The Lincoln-Douglas debates attracted much attention. Lincoln's attacks on slavery made him nationally known. He felt slavery was morally wrong, but was not an abolitionist. He felt there was not an alternative to slavery and blacks were not prepared to live on equal terms as whites. Won presidency in November election.
- lecompton constitution
- he second of four proposed constitutions for the state of Kansas. Pro-Slavery, Supported by Buchanan and Douglas, split the democratic party. Could have allowed Kansas admittance as a state with fewer people than required, but was voted down.
- 14th amendment
- 1) Citizenship for African Americans, 2) Repeal of 3/5 Compromise, 3) Denial of former confederate officials from holding national or state office, 4) Repudiate (reject) confederate debts
- james buchanan
- The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). He tried to maintain a balance between proslavery and antislavery factions, but his moderate views angered radicals in both North and South, and he was unable to forestall the secession of South Carolina on December 20, 1860.
- lincoln douglas debate
- 7 Debates b/w Lincoln & Douglas. A debate is a discussion between people, usually with different & opposing views.
- freeport doctrine
- During the 2nd Lincoln-Douglas debates for a senate seat in Freeport Illinois. Douglas said that slavery could be prevented by any territory by the passing of laws against slavery.
- ku klux klan
- Anti black, jews, catholics, aliens. Grew in rural areas and small towns rapidly in 20s. Some political success, but fell apart because of violence, sex scandals among leaders, misuse of money. Virtually disappeared by end of decade but never completely gone
- trent affair
- In 1861 the Confederacy sent emissaries James Mason to Britain and John Slidell to France to lobby for recognition. A Union ship captured both men and took them to Boston as prisonners. The British were angry and Lincoln ordered their release
- fort sumter
- Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War
- 15th amendment
- citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude
- civil rights act
- guaranteed blacks the same treatment as whites in certain public places