Auditory Disability
Terms
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- Inner ear
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2 parts:
1. cochlea (snail part, hearing component)
2. vestibular (3 semicircular canals, balance) - vestibular
-
3 semicircular canals
filled with fluid and hair cells
perpendicular to each other
as move, fluid moves
involved with balance - eustachian tube
-
maintains equal air pressure
allows ear drum to vibrate
connects middle ear air cavity to throat
if tube is blocked, then pressure increases/if in plane and could cause to burst
if under water, can cause pain - outer ear
-
auricle/pinna
serves as funnel
sound waves and air directed towards the tynpanic membrane (ear drum)
collects sound waves (energy)
funnels sound waves
conduction via air of sound waves funneled into middle ear - tynpanic membrane
- ear drum
- Divisions of the ear
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1. outer ear
2. middle ear
3. inner ear - cochlear
-
filled in 2 sections with fluid
perilymph- fluid cause motion
goes to temporal lobe where it is interpreted
hearing mechanism
AKA acoustic nerve - Audiologist
- person who measures hearing
- Audiology
- study of hearing
- Audiometry
- descriptive measurement of hearing
- Audiogram
- graph on which a person's ability to hear different pitches at different volumes of sound is recorded
- Middle ear
-
connected to back of throat
air filled cavity within temporal bone
Auditory Ossicles: 3 bones- free moving
1. malleus
2. incus
3. stapes
air hits ear drum which vibrates causing ossicles to move converting air waves to mechanical energy - Auditory Ossicles:
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Air hits ear drum which vibrates ossicles to move converting air waves to mechanical energy
3 bones- free moving
1. malleus
2. incus
3. stapes - Atresia
- canal absent or clogged
- Otosclerosis
-
ossicles inflamed and may fuse together
no transmission of sound
affects sound waves in outer ear in air and mechanical in inner ear - Otitis media
-
middle ear infection
ossicles become inflamed
hearing impaired because of collection of fluids - Meniere's disease
-
fluid in inner tube is under great pressure
vertigo
dizzy
nausea
ringing/tinnitus
due to vascular changes - Central auditory disorders
-
essential auditory disorders
problem in brain stem
hearing is fine
acoustic neruoma (like tumor)
growth developed
may be operable - Sensorineural disorders
-
nerve that leaves cochlea to brain/cochlea damages
most surgical/operable
problem at the cochlear
congenital, hereditary, time, prenatal
listening to loud music
meningitis
ototoxic drugs
tumor
damage to hair cells
meiere's disease
presbycusis- old hearing - Non-organic loss
-
everything is organically correct except oerson is not hearing
mysterical conversion- psychotic
psychogenic/psychiatric reasons
no organic problem
not surgical - conductive disorders
-
problems in the otuer or middle ear only
atresia
otitis media
otosclerosis
punctured ear drum
ear wax build up - Tinnitus
-
sound arising in or around cochlea
ringing in ears
may be distrubing and lead to emotional problems - Hearing based on
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baseline of 0
described as decibal losses - Hearing aids
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used for conductive types of hearing loss
sound waves are amplified - Prelingually deaf
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became deaf before speech was a skill
difficult to understand - valsafa technique
- blow nose slowly with air to equalize pressure in ear