MIcro TEst 3...crap.
Terms
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- what was the 1st virus discovered?
- TMV...tobacco mosaic virus.
- What is the order of happenings in the Lytic Cycle...?
-
(the Host is killed at the end of this cycle)
Attachment
penetration
Biosynthesis
Assembly
Lysis-cell bursts - What is the order of happenings in the Lysogenic cycle?
-
Host does not have to be killed
ATtachment
Penetration
Integration
Induction
Biosynthesis
ASsembly
Lysis-..."It's gonna BLOW!!" - What is an example of a lysogenic virus?
- LAMBDA, HIV, and Retroviruses
- What kind of cancer does HPV cause?
- Cervical cancer
- Which type of Herpes is cold sores? What treats this?
- HSV1....Zovirax
- What side affect does rifampin have?
- It causes red urine....
- How does Ziduvodine work?
- It blocks the entry of the virus into the cell.
- What are the two types of mutations?
- Genotypic, and Phenotypic.
- What is a Genotypic change/mutation?
- changes the genetic makeup (base sequence) and leads to long-lived variations
- What is a Phenotypic change/mutation?
- Changes the phenotype, and the change is short-lived.
- What color is SErratia marscens at 25 degrees c?
- Red.
- What color is SM at 30 degrees c?
- pink
- What color is SM at 37 degrees c?
- Whiteish.
- What are mutigenic agents?
- Thymine Dimers...(the same bases paired together)...from UV light..causes Melanomas
- Who discovered STreptomyacin?
- Watsman
- What are two possible organisms that cause UTI's?
- Enterococcus fecalis and Escherichia Coli.
- What does Polymorphism mean? Give an example of an org that is.
- many forms of the organism...Microplasma pneumoniae..has no cell wall, therefore it has many forms.
- What does Monomorphism mean?
- one organism = one shape.
- Who discovered Transformation?
- Avery, McLeod and McCarty in 1944...NOT THAT LONG AGO!!!
- Who discovered bacterial viruses?
- Hrsey and Chase in 1952
- Who discovered the DNA double helix?
- Watson and CRick in 1953
- Who discovered DNA replication (semi-conservative)...
- Meselson and Stahl in 1958
- What is the Ames test?
- A test for cancer-causing ability of chemicals...picks up carcinogens...most mutagens are carcinogens. found in hairspray, and lipstick.
- What is amp-r?
- An Antibiotic Resistance (mutation)...normally suceptible, but now...i.e. E Coli is resistant to antimicrobials G - Rods (and some G + cocci) are resistant.
- What is an auxotroph?
- an organism that can make AA's.
- What is a virulence mutation?
- capsule/toxin...takes normally fatal organisms (i.e. Clostridium Tetani, Clostridium Botulinum, Cornybactereum) and if mutated even slightly, the virulence factor is removed. The once deadly organism has now become as tame as a cat.
- What are the three genetic transfer mechanisms?
- Conjugation, Transformation, and Transduction.
- What is used in Transformation for the gene exchange?
- naked DNA.
- what is the HIV cocktail?
- HART