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Hinduism

Terms

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atman
our true self
student
first stage of life to pursure the goal of understanding dharma
ravana
demon who kidnaps sita in ramayana
ananda
bliss, part of brahman
forest dweller
retirement from work and householders life
twice born
three upper classes that could have sacred thread
sarasvati
goddess of creativity (the arts and learning)
mala
prayer beads
Artha
skill, know how, money: to develop ones professional abilities
krsna
well known as an irresistable flute playing cowherd who charms gopi. Symbol of the souls yearning for the divine
Agni
God of fire
linga
erect phallus
marriage rite
rite of passage
divali
festival of lights- the victory of light over darkness
raja yoga
royal yoga describes various limbs or aspects. Moral basis, posture, breather, concentration and meditation
the laws of manu
describe dharmic principles for the 4 classes
darsana
going for an audience (to see and be seen by) with a deity
henotheism
worship of one god but does not deny the evidence of other gods
surya
the sun
dharma
a guide to enable us to reduce bad karmic consequences
rama
tale of a prince sent to exile with wife sita
Aryan
the noble ones
ganesa
chubby, elephant headed son of shiva that presides over obstacles propritated before any undertaking
mahabharata
epic that provides important information not found in the vedas
the upanisads
the last portion of each of the vedic sets of texts. philosphical speculation about the nature of reality, atman, and brahman and moksha
visnu
all prevading, often blue, preserves righteousness through avatara cosmic king resting on servant
ksatriya
kings, nobility, warriors and landlords
cit
consciousness itself
bhakti yoga
yoga of loving devotion
siva
one of the two great gods of hinduism, wears animal skins, has 3rd eye, linga, bull
dyaus pitr
sky god
yajna
vedic sacrifice
sacred thread ceremony
males of the twice born classes, particularily brahmins, traditionally between the ages 8-13 are given a mantra to repeat and loop of sacred thread to wear over their left shoulders
moksa
release/liberation
bhagavad- gita
song of the lord- conversation between arjuna and krishna on the eve of battle
sanskrit
language "cultured/perfected"
samsara
all are subject to nearly endless cycles of rebirth wandering through worldly exisitence controlled by karma
hanuman
the monkey god often worshipped as a protector
ramana maharsi
modern hindu sage promoted inquiry (vicara)
non dualism/monism
sankara vedanta of radical non dualism and a formal monastic system for sannyasins
pandavas
5 brothers called the pandava princes
samadhi
the attainment of the highest state of transcendental knowledge
brahmin
members of the priestly class
soma
mysterious hallucinogenic plant
dharma sastras
compendiums on social structure and moral duty
householder
marked by the marriages and beginning of work
sruti
this is applied exclusively by orthodox hindus to the vedic samhitas, the brahmanas,the arkanyakas, and the upanishads "revealed scriptures"
untouchables
the classless group hold the most inferior and defiling occupations
rishi
semi divine sages (seers)
harappa
indus valley civilization that shows archeological evidence of hindu like practice
devi
the great goddess, the source and summation of all female deities and the power that animaes the entire cosmos
dravidian
southerners
hare krshna
mov't that allow members to publically dance, clash cymbols, and chant a mantra to krshna as bhakti
kama
the 4 goals which are knowledge of love, sexual and sensual pleasure, joy and happiness
polytheism
belief in a divine world of many gods and spiritual forces
yoni
stone receptacle into which a linga is placed
dhyana
concentration and expertise in meditation
brahman
the expansive- all encompassing absolute reality
indra
warrior god associated with thunder and lightening
the Rg veda
oldest collection over 1000 hymns
sita
ramas wife
the veda
most revered texts possessing the status of shruti. 4 sets
mohenjo-daro
city center of indus valley civilization
prithivi
earth goddess
Advaita
Non- Dualism
puja
hindu devotional worship of deities at home or in a temple
sudra
the servant class
vahana
mount or vehicle
vaisya
commoners,merchants, and artisans
kauravas
the evil cousins of the pandavas
samnyasin
renouncer
durga
devi
sakti
the power which animates the entrie cosmos
avatara
incarnates
jnana yoga
realizaton/liberation through transcendental knowledge
sankara
influentrial hindu philospher of radical non dualism
guru
teacher to guide and mentor in ones spiritual development
sat
being/existenance itself
mantra
sacred sound or phrase
smrti
category of hindu sacred writings that includes all that is not shurti
maya
a power of illusion (dependent on brahman) which keeps us deluded
kali
dark, fierce goddess who symbolizes time and destruction
kalki
visnus 10th avatara still to come
indus valley civilization
harappan civilization
Arjuna
the greatest pandava warrior
Ahimsa
non violence
yoga
paths of physical and psychological practices who goal is moksha
ganga
water goddess coming from shivas hair
hinduism
a blend of religious beliefs and practices when developed through the mixing of Aryan, Dravidian,and triable traditions
brahma
god of creation
karma
how to act in any and all circumstances in a way that will lead to ultimate truth
laksmi
beautiful goddess clad in a red sari symbol of good fortune, luck, wealth, and fertility
mahatma ghandi
modern indian leader exemplified the use of moksha
karma yoga
a path of selfless action described in the bhagavad gita, it emphasizes detachment from the outcome of all actions which should be performed in a spirit of sacrafice to the divine

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