History 8th Chapter 19.4
Terms
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- Geronimo
- an Apache leader who led the fight to resist the loss of their land and led raids into Arizona and New Mexico
- Describe 2 conflicts between Native Americans and settlers.
- 1) The Chivington Massacre - they killed over 200 Cheyenne men, women and children after they surrendered 2) Custer's Last Stand - Gold found in the Black Hills or Sioux reservation - Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
- How did the reformers try to help Native Americans?
- They lectured and wrote about the injustices and broken treaties between US government and Native Americans.
- Battle of Little Bighorn
- In 1876, Indian leaders Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse defeated Custer's troops who tried to force them back on to the reservation, Custer and all his men died
- Ghost Dance
- religious ceremony performed by Lakotas and Plains Indians in order to restore the Native American way of life, free from whites and filled with plenty
- How did the loss of the buffalo affect the Native Americans?
- The buffalo served as a living grocery store for Plains Indians. With disease, drought and destruction and hunting as a pleasure sport, buffalo began to disappear and so did the Plains Indians' way of life.
- Chivington Massacre
- 1864 massacre, where Colonel John Chivington and his militia slaughtered more than 200 Cheyenne men, women, and children, who were trying to surrender
- Sitting Bull
- American Indian medicine man, chief of the Sioux, and a political leader; fought and defeated Custer
- Susette LaFlesche
- daughter of Omaha chief who wrote and lectured about the destruction of Native American way of life
- What promises to the Native Americans did the US government break?
- They promised to protect Indian hunting grounds
- Fort Laramie Treaty
- First major treaty between northern Plains tribes and the U.S gorvernment, signed in 1851.
- Chief Joseph
- Leader of Nez Perce. Fled with his tribe to Canada instead of reservations. However, US troops came and fought and brought them back down to reservations
- Dawes Act
- encouraged Native Americans to become farmers
- Wounded Knee
- In 1890, after killing Sitting Bull, the 7th Cavalry rounded up Sioux at this place in South Dakota and 300 Natives were murdered and only a baby survived.
- George Custer
- United States military leader who was defeated by the Lakota in the Battle of Big Horn in 1876.
- reservation
- limited area set aside for Native Americans
- Helen Hunt Jackson
- reformer who published A Century of Dishonor about broken treaties between US and Native Americans
- Sitting Bull
- American Indian medicine man, chief of the Sioux, and a political leader