KITS 6 vocab
KITS step 6 vocab
Terms
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- exposition
- The first section of "sonata form" where contrasting themes are "exposed" (the first movement of the sonata is often in sonata form)
- Barcarole
- A piece in compound meter suggesting the rocking motion of a boat; imitates the song of the Venetian gondoliers
- Rondo
- A form in which a main theme keeps returning, interspersed with different "episodes"
- morendo
- Dying away
- Adagio
- A slow tempo, quicker than LENTO but slower than ANDANTE
- homophonic
- A style in which a melody is supported by chordal accompaniment
- Polka
- A Bohemian dance in quick duple meter, popular in the 19th century
- Habanera
- A dance from Havana, Cuba, dating from the 19th century, that combines elements of Spanish and African music
- trill
- tr~~~~~~ Rapid alteration between two adjacent notes
- Lento
- A slow tempo, quicker than LARGO but slower than ADAGIO
- mordent
- ^^ ^|^ Single alteration between a main note and its upper or lower neighbour
- turn
- ~ A turn around a main note, i.e. upper neighbour, principal note, lower neighbour, principal note
- Scherzo
- A playful or humorous piece, characterized by elements of surprise; used as the 3rd movement of some sonatas, esp. by Beethoven
- program music
- Music inspired by and suggestive of an extra-musical idea, descriptive or narrative; especially prevalent in the Romantic style, for example, Schumann's "Wild Horseman"
- Bagatelle
- French for "trifle"; a 19th century name for a short character piece (used first and mainly by Beethoven)
- Grave
- The slowest tempo in music
- subito
- Suddenly, as in "subito piano", suddenly soft
- Berceuse
- French for cradle song, or lullaby; also instrumental pieces of a like character
- sonata
- An instrumental composition, often of 3 or 4 distinct movements
- recapitulation
- The third section of sonata form, in which the themes are restated, remaining in the tonic key
- embellishment, ornamentation
- Decorative notes not essential to the harmony, often without time value
- ritenuto
- Detained, slower, held back
- polyphonic
- A style with two or more different melodies going at once
- Arabesque
- A Romantic piece to be regarded as a "beautiful decoration", like the ornamentation in Arabian architecture
- Invention
- A short piece in polyphonic style; specifically, two sets of keyboard pieces by J.S. Bach in two and three voices
- cantabile
- In a singing style, full of expression
- tritone
- The interval of 3 whole steps, as in a dim. 5th (aug. 4th)
- mano destra (m.d.)
- Italian term for right hand (think of "dextrous)
- imitation
- The repetition of a phrase from one voice in a different voice
- development
- The second section in sonata form, in which the themes are developed
- Polonaise
- A Polish dance of a stately character in moderate 3/4 meter (many well-known examples were written by Chopin)
- main droit (m.d.)
- French term for right hand
- Alberti Base
- A broken chord patter first used by the Classical Italian composer Domenico Alberti (1 5 3 5 7 5 2 5)
- coda
- The "tail" or ending section of a piece
- main gauche (m.g.)
- French term for left hand
- calando
- Becoming softer and slower
- mano sinistra (m.s.)
- Italian term for left hand (think of "sinister")
- Largo
- A slow, solemn tempo
- absolute music
- In distinction, absolute music is free from extra-musical implications, e.g. sonatas or inventions