Music 10-second half
Terms
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- idée fixe
- Berlioz, one melody describing one idea, "obsession"
- serial music/12-tone technique
- applies set theory beyond pith: rhythm, dynamics, etc.
- melody
- patterns of changing pitches and durations, while most generally it includes any interacting patterns of changing events or quality
- pasagaglia
- basso ostinato but longer
- symphonic poem/tone poem
- single movement work with narrative or descriptive intent, flexible use of sonata form
- dies irae
- The words have often been set to music as part of the Requiem service, originally as a sombre plainchant.
- song cycle
- group of songs designed to be performed in sequence as a single entity. As a rule all of the songs are by the same composer and often use words from the same poet.
- cabaletta
- fast aria
- arioso
- middle-ground between recitative and aria
- cadence
- particular series of intervals or chords that end a phrase, section, or piece of music
- avant-garde
- serial music, new, cutting-edge
- libretto
- lyric
- bel canto opera
- beautiful singing, melody, star singers, control
- magnetic tape
- medium for magnetic recording generally consisting of a thin magnetizable coating on a long and narrow strip of plastic
- primitivism
- an artistic movement in particular which originated as a reaction to the Enlightenment
- Romanticism
- complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Industrial Revolution.
- 12-bar blues form
- 1
- leitmmotiv
- Wagner's thing, "leading motive"-short motive associated with a character, idea, or subject
- mazurka
- Chopin, triple meter, rubato, not consistent in meter
- electronic music
- emphasizes the use of electronic musical instruments or electronic music technology as a central aspect of the sound of the music.
- thematic transformation
- t
- the ring cycle
- (1851-1876)-Das Reihngold, Die Walküre, Sigfried, Götterdämmerung
- harmony
- use of different pitches simultaneously, and chords, actual or implied, in music.
- dissonance
- tension
- diaspora
- the dispersion or spreading of something that was originally localized (as a people or language or culture)
- pulse
- typically what listeners entrain to as they tap their foot or dance along with a piece of music
- theme and variations
- t
- chance music
- associated with procedures in which the chance element involves a relatively limited number of possibilities.
- ballets russes
- most famous ballet company of the time
- scena
- groups of arias and recitatives, longer structures
- sacred harp
- singing, tradition of sacred choral music that took root in the Southern region of the United States. It is part of the larger tradition of shape note music.
- atonality
- equality of pitches, equality of dissonance and consonance
- music drama
- ascribed to the revolutionary medium of artistic expression created by the German composer Richard Wagner. This was a musical dramatic work for the theatre, where the music does not stop and is a part of the emotional telling of sung drama.
- gesamtkustwerk
- g
- rubato
- Chopin, "robbed time"
- exoticism
- exploration/development of outside music
- "the mighty handful"
- Russian nationalism-Balakirev, Rimsky-Kosakov, Mussorgsky, Borodin-favored orchestral showpieces and opera
- coloratura
- This type of soprano has a high range and can execute with great facility the style of singing that includes elaborate ornamentation and embellishment, including running passages and trills.
- bebop
- form of jazz characterized by fast tempos and improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody.
- lied/lieder
- German, solo voice with piano accompaniment, romantic era text, sometimes grouped into song cycles
- absolute music
- abstract, no dramatic intent (Brahms, Bach)
- cavatina
- slow aria
- syncopation
- variety of rhythms which are in some way unexpected in that they deviate from the strict succession of regularly spaced strong and weak beats in a meter (pulse).
- ragtime
- American musical genre which enjoyed its peak popularity between 1897 and 1918.
- consonance
- release
- minimalism
- repetition, changes, in music take place gradually
- program music
- specific narrative/descriptive intent
- cadenza
- an improvised or written-out ornamental passage played or sung by a soloist or soloists, usually in a "free" rhythmic style, and often allowing for virtuosic display.
- big band/swing
- form of jazz music that developed in the early 1930s and had solidified as a distinctive style by 1935 in the United States. Swing uses a strong anchoring rhythm section which supports a brass section including saxophones, trumpets, and trombones; medium to fast tempos; and a "lilting" swing time rhythm.
- fusion
- many varieties, mixing music from different nations or ethnic groups, "serious" and "popular" styles
- tonality
- defined key, hierarchy of pitches and chords within key
- ostinato
- repeating bass pattern
- expressionism
- like Beethoven, truth content in addition to a purely sensual or emotive aspect.
- symbolist poetry
- type and movement in poetry, emphasized non-structured "internalized" poetry that, for lack of better words, describe thoughts and feelings in disconnected ways and places logic, formal structure, and descriptive reality in the back seat.
- recitative/aria
- tells a story, mostly voice/chorus, mostly instruments, emotion
- impressionism
- chords move together, not strong tension/release, hints of melody without dominant tunes
- rhythm
- "any measured flow or movement, symmetry" is the variation of the length and accentuation of a series of sounds or other events
- virtuosity
- v
- musique concrète
- music performed by the composer