8th Rocks & Rock Cycle & Igneous
Terms
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- Igneous Rock
- rock made from magma that has cooled and hardened
- Sedimentary Rock
- rock that forms from sediment and other rock particles that have settled in layers
- Metamorphic Rock
- rock that forms from heat and pressure
- Lava
- Magma that has reached the Earth's surface and has cooled and hardened
- Magma
- Hot, melted rock that is inside a volcano
- Mineral
- a NONLIVING solid found in nature
- Sediments
- tiny pieces of rock material carried by water
- Volcano
- an opening through which magma escapes to the earth's surface
- core
- the inner layer that forms the center of the earth
- mantle
- the thick layer that forms the center of the earth
- crust
- the outer layer of the earth
- rock
- hard and made of minerals
- rock cycle
- rocks changing from one type to another
- the 3 properties of minerals
- shape, color, and hardness
- Where do magmas originate?
- Originate in the mantle
- Characteristics of Intrusive rocks
- 1) cooling happens deep underground 2) slow cooling 3) texture is coarse grained
- Characteristics of Extrusive rocks
- 1) cooling happens near surface 2) Cool rapidly 3) texture is fine grained
- glassy texture
- - no grains, - rapid cooling rate, - commonly black in color
- Ferromagnesian
- - more Fe and Mg present, -- darker in color Examples: gabbro, basalt
- Non-Ferromagnesian
- - less Fe and Mg present, -- more silica is present, -- lighter in color, Examples: granite, rhyolite
- What is Magmatic differentiation?
- how magmas change composition to form different igneous rock types
- What ways does magmatic differentiation occur?
- 1) Crystalization - cools and crystalizes 2) Assimilization - melts and combines with other rock 3) mixes with other magma