Sem. 2 test #1
Terms
undefined, object
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- electromagnetic
- light, x-rays, infrared
- work
- the product of a force and the distance through which it acts
- anode
- positive pole/electrode
- diamagnetic
- materials that are feebly repelled by a strong magnet- caused by electrons orbiting around the nucleus
- internal combustion
- burns the fuel inside the cylinder
- Tesla
- developed the 1st A.C. generator for commercial electricity
- conduction
- transfer of charges by contact, impart the same charge
- solar cells
- moves the metals to the non-metals using photons/light
- chemical
- energy stored within the bonds between atoms
- magnetism
- caused by any moving electrical charge
- ferromagnetism
- strongly attracted by a magnet-caused by large numbers of unpaired electrons spinning on thier axis
- electric motor
- a device that converts electric energy to mechanical energy
- 3 parts to a circuit
- 1. source of current 2.conducting path 3.load
- Ampere
- worked with electromagnets, developed the left-handed thumb rule
- 2 conditions nescessary for work to be done
- 1. object must move 2. object must move in the direction of the applied force
- induction
- charging without contact. imparts the oppostie charge
- Kinetic energy
- stored energy due to motion
- parallel
- more than 1 path for the current to follow
- 4 simple machines
- 1. inclined plane 2. wheel & axle 3. pulley 4. lever
- metals
- better conductors, easily give up electrons
- Faraday Henry
- showed that magnets can be used to produce electricity
- 3 things that determine the strength of an electromagnet
- 1.amount of current 2.number of coils 3.soft ferromagnetic core
- external combustion
- burns the fuel outside the cylinder
- electromagnetic induction
- process of using magnets to produce electricity
- short circuit
- any circuit that has no resistance in it
- non-metals
- bad conductors, don't give up electrons
- Rheostat
- variable resistor
- In order to produce a current
- a magnet wire must be crossed by magnetic lines of force
- energy
- ability to do work
- generator
- device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy
- 3 things that determine the voltage produced
- 1.number of coils 2.speed of motion 3.strength of magnet
- nuclear
- energy stored in the nucleus of atoms
- thermal
- heat energy
- Transformer
- device that changes voltages in an A.C. circuit
- 5 forms of energy
- mechanical, chemical, nuclear, electromagnetic, thermal
- gas engines
- use spark plugs to ignite fuel
- carbon zinc
- most common, relatively inexpensive, cannot be safely recharged
- series
- only 1 path for the current to follow
- Oersted
- showed electric currents produce magnetic fields
- basic law of electrostatics
- like charges repel, unlike charges attract
- Alternating current
- electrons flow in a back and forth direction, wall outlets
- Direct current
- electrons flow in only 1 direction, cells and batteries
- mechanical
- energy of moving objects
- rechargable
- phone, nickel-cadmium, can be recharged for just a few pennies, expensive to start with
- capacitor
- a device that stores an electric charge, always discharges with the same voltage and same frequency
- diesel engines
- use pressure to ignite fuel
- 2 types of circuits
- series, and parallel
- north pole
- region where force of line begins
- efficiency of machines
- ratio of useful work output to work input
- 3 types of cells
- 1.carbon zinc, 2.crstal, 3.rechargable
- Crystal
- can be made very small, maintain same voltage throughout their lifespan, somewhat expensive
- Potential energy
- stored energy due to its position
- paramagnetism
- materials are weakly attracted by strong magnet-caused by electrons spinning on thier axis
- static electricity
- staionary charge
- diode
- rectifier, charge A.C. to D.C.
- Power
- rate of doing work
- Gilbert
- 1st to state the earth was a magnet
- south pole
- region where force of line ends
- domains
- tiny "crystals" that act as miniature magnets
- Edison
- developed the 1st electric generator for commercial electricity (D.C.)
- 3 types of magnetism
- 1. diamagnetic 2. paramagnetism 3. ferromagnetism