1st AID USMLE Step 1 Neurology and Psychiatry Autonomic Drugs
Terms
undefined, object
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increased vascular smooth muscle contraction
receptor type? - alpha1
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alpha 1 receptor
G protein class? - Gq
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increased vascular smooth muscle contraction
G-protein class? - Gq
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decreased sympathetic outflow
decreased insulin release
receptor type? - alpha2
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decreased sympathetic outflow
decreased insulin release
G-protein class? - Gi
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alpha 2 receptor
G-protein class? - Gi
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increased heart rate
increased contractility
increased renin
increased lipolysis
increased aqueous humor
receptor type? - beta 1
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increased heart rate
increased contractility
increased renin
increased lipolysis
increased aqueous humor
G-protein type? - Gs
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Beta1 receptor
G-protein type? - Gs
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Vasodilation
bronchodilation
increased glucagon release
receptor type? - beta 2
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Vasodilation
bronchodilation
increased glucagon release
G protein type? - Gs
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beta 2 receptor
G protein type? - Gs
- where in the nervous system do you find M1 receptors?
- CNS
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M1 receptor
G protein type? - Gq
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decrease heart rate
receptor type - M2
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Decrease heart rate
G protein type? - Gi
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M2 receptor
G-protein type? - Gi
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Increase exocrine gland secretions
receptor type? - M3
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Increase exocrine gland secretions
G protein type? - Gq
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Relaxes renal vascular smooth muscle
Receptor type? - D1
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Relaxes renal vascular smooth muscle
G protein type? - Gs
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Modulates transmitter release especially in brain
Receptor type? - D2
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Modulates transmitter release especially in brain
G protein type - Gi
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increased nasal and bronchial mucus production, contraction of bronchioles, pruritus, and pain
Receptor type? - H1
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increased nasal and bronchial mucus production, contraction of bronchioles, pruritus, and pain
G protein type? - Gq
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Increse gastric acid secretion
Receptor type - H2
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Increase gastric acid secretion
G protein type? - Gs
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Increase H20 permeability in the collecting tubules of the kidney
receptor type? - V2
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Increase H20 permeability in the collecting tubules of the kidney
G protein class - Gs
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M2 receptor
G protein class - Gi
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M3 receptor
G protein class? - q
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D1 receptor
G protein class? - Gs
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D2 receptor
G protein class? - Gi
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H1 receptor
G protein class? - Gq
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H2 receptor
G protein class? - Gs
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V1 receptor
G protein class? - Gq
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V2 receptor
G protein class? - Gs
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Phospholipase C stimulation
G protein class? - Gq
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Adenylcyclase stimulation
G protein class? - Gs
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Adenylcyclase inhibition
G protein class? - Gi
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IP3 & DAG
G protein class? - Gq
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inc cAMP
G protein class? - Gs
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stim Protein Kinase A
G protein class? - Gs
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inhib protein kinase A
G protein class? - Gi
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inc Ca++ and Protein kinase C
G protein class? - Gq
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Inhibit Choline transporter into presynapticnerve neuron
Drug? - Hemicholinium
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Inhibit ACh storage
drug? - Vesamicol
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Inhibit ACh release
Drug? - Botulinum
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blocks accumulation of noradrenaline and dopamine into synaptic vesicles
drug? - reserpine
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Blocks NE release
Drug? - Guanethidine
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stimulates NE release
drug? - amphetamine
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inhibits NE reuptake
drug? -
cocaine
TCA - effect of M1 release modulating receptor on NE release?
- decrease
- effect of AII release modulating receptor on NE release?
- increase
- effect of alpha2 release modulating receptor on NE release?
- decrease
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treatment of postoprative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
drug? - bethanecol
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Activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle; resistant to AChE
drug? -
bethanechol
*B*ethanacol=Bowel and Bladder - Bethanechol type of agonist
- direct cholinergic agonist
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Activates ciliary muscle of eye
& pupillary sphincter
resists AchE
treats glaucoma
drug? - Carbachol, pilocarpine
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Treats postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
myasthenia gravis
reversal of neuromuscular blockade
increases endogenous ACh
drug? - Neostigmine
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treatment of myasthenia gravis
increase endogenous ACh
drug? - pyridostigmine
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Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
increase endogenous ACh - Edrophonium
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Treats glaucoma (crosses blood brain barrier into CNS
atropine overdose
increase endogenous ACh - Physostigmine
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Echothiophate
treatment for? - glaucoma
- Pyridostigmine treatment for?
- Myasthenia gravis
- Edrophonium use?
- diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
- phyiostigmine use?
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tx glaucoma
tx atropine overdose - Bethanechol mechanism
- cholinergic direct agonist
- carbachol mechanism
- cholinergic direct agonist
- pilocarpine mechanism
- cholinergic direct agonist
- neostgmine mechanism
- anticholinesterase
- pyridostigmine mechanism
- anticholinesterase
- edrophonium mechanism
- anticholinesterase
- physostigmine mechanism
- anticholinesterase
- mechanism of echothiophate
- anticholinesterase
- antidote to cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
- atropine and pralidoxime
- atropine use in Eye
- poruduce mydriasis and cyclopplegia
- homatropine use in eye
- produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
- tropicamide use in eye?
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Produce mydreiasis and cyloplegia
(cholinoreceptor blocker) - benzotropine use in CNS
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tx of parkinson's
(cholinoreceptor blocker) - scopolamine use in CNS?
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tx of motion sickness
(cholinoreceptor blocker) - Ipratropium use in respiratory system
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Asthma, COPD
(cholinoreceptor blocker) - Methscopolamine use in genitourinary system
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reduce urgency in mild cystiti and reduce bladder spasms
(cholinoreceptor blocker) - oxybutin use in genitourinary system
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reduce urgency in mild cystiti and reduce bladder spasms
(cholinoreceptor blocker) - glycopyrrolate use in genitourinary system
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reduce urgency in mild cystiti and reduce bladder spasms
(cholinoreceptor blocker) - effect of atropine on eye
- increased pupil dilation, cycloplegia
- effect of atropine on airway
- decreased secretion
- effect of atropine on stomach
- decreeased acid
- effect of atropine on gut
- decreased motility
- effect of atroine on bladder
- decreased urgency in cystitis
- hechanism of mexamethonium
- nicotinic ACh receptor Antagonist
- drug which prevents vagal reflex response to changes in blood pressure
- hexamethonium
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direct general agonist
alpha1
alpha2
beta1
beta2
Drug? - Epinephrine
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Tx of anaphylaxis, glaucoma (open angle), asthma, hypotension
Drug? - Epinephrine
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selective for alpha1, alpha2, beta1
drug? - Norepinephrine
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Tx of hypotension (but decreases renal perfusion)
Drug? - Norepinephrine
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Selectivity: beta1 = beta2 sympathomimetic
Drug? - Isoproterenol
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Tx of AV block
Drug? - Isoproterenol
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Selectivity:
D1 = D2 > beta > alpha
Drug? - Dopamine
- Tx of shock (increases renal perfusion) and of herat failure
- Dopamine
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Sympathomimetic:
Beta1> Beta2
Drug? - Dobutamine
- Tx of shock, heart failure (w/out inc renal perfusion)
- Dobutamine
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Epinephrine
selectivity? -
general agonist
alhpa 1&2, beta 1&2 -
NE
selectivity? - alpha1, alpha2, beta1
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Isoproterenol
mechanism? - beta1 = beta2 sympathomimetic
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dobutamine
selectivity? - beta1 > beta2
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indirect general agonist, releases stored catecholamines
drug? - amphetamine, ephedrine
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tx of narcolepsy, obesity, ADD
drug? - amphetamine
- amphetamine mechanism
- releases stored catecholamines
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tx of nasal congestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension
drug? - ephedrine
- ephedrine mechanism
- releases stored catecholamines
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selectivity:
alpha1>alpha2
drug? - phenylephrine
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pupil dilator, vasoconstrictor, nasal decongestant
drug? - phenylephrine
- phenylephrine selectivity
- alpha1 > alpha2
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Beta2 > Beta1
drug? -
Albuterol
terbutaline -
Tx of asthma
drug? -
Albuterol
terbutaline - Albuterol selectivity
- Beta2 > Beta1
- terbutaline selectivity
- Beta2 > Beta1
- Albuterol clinical use
- tx of asthma
- terbutaline clinical use
- tx of asthma
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catecholamine uptake inhibitor
indirect general agonist
drug? - cocaine
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causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia
drug? - cocaine
- cocaine mechanism
- uptake inhibitor
- cocaine clinical use
- local vasoconstriction and anesthesia
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centrally acting alpha agonist, decreased adrenergic outflow
drug? -
clonidine
alpha-methyldopa -
tx of hypertension, especially with renal disease (no decreased renal blood flow)
drug? -
clonidine
alpha-methyldopa - clonidine mechanism
- decreased central adrenergic outflow
- alpha-methyldopa mechanism
- decreased central adrenergic outflow
- clinical use of clonidine
- tx of hypertension w/ renal disease
- clinical use of alpha methyldopa
- tx of hypertensino w/ renal disease
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increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure
drug? - norepinephrine
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increased systolic pressure
decreased diastolic pressure
drug? - epinephrine
- epinephrine effect on Heart Rate
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increased
(nonselective) - norepinephrine effect on Heart Rate
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decreaseed
(reflexive)
(alpha > beta) -
decreased systolic and diastolic
increased heart rate
drug? -
isoproterenol
(beta > alpha) - phenoxybenzamine mechanism
- irreversible nonselective alpha blocker
- phenoxybenzamine clinical use
- pheochromocytoma
- phenoxybenzamine toxicity
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orthostatic hypotension
reflex tachycardia - irreversible nonselective alpha blocker
- phenoxybenzamine
- phentolamine mechanism
- reversible nonselective alpha blocker
- reversible nonselective alpha blocker
- phentolamine
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alpha 1 selective alpha blocker
drug? -
prazosin
terazosin
doxazosin - mechanism of prazosin
- alpha 1 blocker
- mechanism of terazosin
- alpha 1 blocker
- mechanism of doxazosin
- alpha 1 blocker
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tx of urinary retention in BPH
type receptor blocker? - alpha 1 blocker
- mirtazapine mechanism
- alpha 2 blocker
- clinical application of mirtazapine
- depression
- mirtazapine side effects
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sedation
increased cholesterol
increased appetite - effect of alpha blocker on epinephrine respnse
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paradoxical BP drop
(beta2 response) - effect of alpha blocker on blood pressure response to phenylephrine
- suppression of pressor effect
- Beta blocker effect in tx of hypertension
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decreased cardiac output
decreased renin secretion - beta blocker effect in tx of angina pectoris
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decreased O2 consumption
(decreased heart rate and contractility) - beta blocker effect in tx of Supra Ventricular Tachycardia
- decreased AV conduction velocity
- beta blocker effect in tx of glaucoma
- decreased secretion of aqueous humor
- beta blocker used to tx glaucoma
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Timolol
betaxolol
carteolol - neta blocker used to tx Supra Ventricular Tachycardia
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propanolol
esmolol - selectivity of propranolol
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beta 1 = beta 2
(nonselective beta blocker) - selectivity of timolol
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beta 1 = beta 2
(nonselective beta blocker) - selectivity of nadolol
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beta 1 = beta 2
(nonselective beta blocker) - selectivity of pindolol
- beta 1 = beta 2; partial agonist
- mechanism of labetalol
- beta 1 = beta 2; partial agonist
- partial agonist beta blockers
- pindolol & labetalol
- Acebutolol mechanism
- beta1 selective partial agonist
- Betaxolol selectivity
- beta1 blocker
- esmolol selectivity
- beta 1 selective blocker (short acting)
- atenolol selectivity
- beta 1 selective blocker
- metoprolol selectivity
- beta 1 selective blocker
- epinephrine mechanism in tx of glaucoma
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increased outflow of aqueous humor
(not for closed angle glaucoma)
(mydriasis) - brimonidine mechanism in tx of glaucoma
- decreased humor synthesis
- alpha agonists used in glaucoma tx
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epinephrine
brimonidine - timolol mechanism in glaucoma tx
- decreased aqueous humor secretion
- betaxolol mechanism in glaucoma tx
- decreased aqueous humor secretion
- carteolol mechanism in glaucoma tx
- decreased aqueous humor secretion
- beta blockers used to tx glaucoma
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Timolol
betaxolol
carteolol - acetazolamide mechanism in tx of glaucoma
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decreased HCO3- -> decreased aqueous humor secretion
(via inhibition of carbonic anhyrase) - diuretics used to tx glaucoma
- acetazolamide
- pilocarpine mechanism in tx of glaucoma
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increased outflow of aqueous humor
(from contraction of ciliary muscle)
(causes miosis) - carbachol mechanism in tx of glaucoma
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increased outflow of aqueous humor
(from contraction of ciliary muscle)
(causes miosis) - physostigmine in tx of glaucoma
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increased outflow of aqueous humor
(from contraction of ciliary muscle)
(causes miosis) - echothiophate mechanism in tx of glaucoma
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increased outflow of aqueous humor
(from contraction of ciliary muscle)
(causes miosis) - latanoprost (PGF2a) mechanism in tx of glaucoma
- increased outflow of aqueous humor