GOV 310L 3rd Exam
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- New Jersey exception
- this exception allowed women to vote if they owned land. Thus it made New Jersey the only state that didn't explicitly disallow women to vote. This was later "fixed" so that women could no longer vote and conformed to the attitudes of the rest of the states.
- Party-in-the-electorate
- individuals attachments to political parties
- Party-in-government
- elected and appointed officials
- Single-member, simple plurality system
- electoral system in which each state is divided into geographic districts, and the candidates who win the most votes within their districts are elected.
- Selective benefit
- side benefits of belonging to an organization, which are limited to contributing members of the organization. This is one way to minimize the free rider problem.
- Motor voter law
- this was a law to encourage more people to participate in voting. This allowed people to register to vote while they renewed their license. The thought was that most people renew their license and thus it would give them a chance to register at the same time.
- "Checkbook" members
- members that are not really active in the interest group except for sending in money to support the group. This is an example of an organizational characteristic of new interest groups.
- Hyperpartisanship
- members of the two major parties that are extremely party-oriented in their choices and votes.
- "Sore loser" laws
- law is intended to stop "most candidates who lose a primary election from coming back later in the year to run in the general election.
- Party identification
- individuals who claim attachment to a party. Party identification creates a subjective feeling of affiliation, a psychological attachment, and emotional tie. This affects how information is processed. This power is declining because of ticket splitting and the rise of the independent voter.
- Nineteenth Amendment
- Gave women the right to vote.
- Purposive incentive
- those who join because they believe in the cause. They wish to push the goals of the group. They join because of the incentive of the reaching the goal of the group.
- National Rifle Association
- this is an example of a single-issue interest group. This groups is mainly concerned about legislation that would expand the ownership of arms and legislation that would protect people that actually used their arms.
- Party polarization
- some analysts argue that the country is becoming more polarized because more people are becoming less moderate. Three potential sources are (1)the red-blue map (2) parties are more homogenous than in the past, and (3) States/counties are reliably Democratic/Republican.
- "Hot word" problem
- respondents react very strongly to a specific word that appears in the question (e.g., "radical' or "Communist")
- Advocacy explosion
- the huge explosion of interest groups that push for different types of legislation and put pressure on legislators.
- Red state
- U.S. as a land of right and wrong. These states usually vote Republican as a majority in their counties.
- Population
- the set of objects in which you are interested (e.g., UT undergraduates)
- Grassroots lobbying
- efforts by groups and associations to influence elected officials indirectly, by arousing their constituents.
- Non-attitudes
- survey question taps a response that doesn't really exist. The solution is the "I don't know" option.
- Moral Majority
- political organization of the United States which had an agenda of evangelical Christian-oriented political lobbying. Formed by Jerry Falwell. Organization made up of conservative Christian political action committees which campaigned on issues its personnel believed were important to maintaining its Christian conception of moral law. This group pressured for legislation that would ban abortion and ban the states' acceptance of homosexuality.
- Mobilization
- the efforts of parties, groups, and activists to encourage their supporters to turn out for elections.
- Single-issue group
- an interest group narrowly focused to influence policy on a single issue.
- "Rally around the flag"
- As a war begins and conflict starts, awareness of presidential policy is high and support for that policy becomes high very quickly. Tends to be limited descent about any policy.
- Public good
- you can enjoy a public good even if you didn't contribute to achieving it, and your enjoyment of the public good does not prevent others from enjoying it was well.
- Candidate-centered politics
- as party identification becomes weaker, candidates are forced to invest more time and money in building/maintaining their base of political support themselves instead of relying on party identification to gain them votes.
- Probability sampling
- the subset you take a snapshot of in order to learn about the population
- Free rider problem
- problem that arises when people can enjoy the benefits of group activity without bearing any of the costs. Problem arises when individuals perceive that their contribution does little to contribute to the overall goal of the group (donating $20 to Greenpeace). Why contribute to the cause if it's so unnoticeable. This problem also arises when individuals receive the benefit whether they contributed or not (Cleaner air).
- Culture war
- book
- Party organization
- structural framework (party professionals)