Middle East
This is made by Lucy, Morgan, Nuley, Sarah.
Terms
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- Phoenicians
- a Semitic people from the eastern Mediterranean renowned as traders in later prehistory, erroneously credited with many wondrous exploits around the world
- Paul of Tarsus
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- Shiite
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- Six Pillars of Faith
- belief in one God, belief in angels, belief in Divine books, belief in the prophets, belief in the Last Judgment, belief in Divine destiny
- Torah
- a scroll of parchment containing the first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, used in a synagogue during services
- Heresy
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- Apocalyptic Thought
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- Egypt
- a country of northeast Africa and the Sinai Peninsula on the Mediterranean Sea
- Essenes
- members of an ascetic Jewish sect that existed in ancient Palestine from the second century B.C. to the second century A.D.
- Mecca
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- Martyr
- one who voluntarily suffers death as the penalty for refusing to renounce their religion
- Surah
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- Muhammad
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- Kaaba
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- Sufis
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- Baptism
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- Bishop
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- Seljuk Turks
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- Umayyad
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- Muslim
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- Abraham
- three world religions honor Abraham as their ancient patriarch and a model of faith in one God
- Hijra
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- Sadducees
- members of a priestly, aristocratic Jewish sect founded in the second century B.C. that accepted only the written Mosaic law and that ceased to exist after the destruction of the Temple in A.D. 70.
- Moses
- the most important figure in Judaism, Moses parted the Red Sea to free his people and brought them the Ten Commandments on stone tablets
- Ulama
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- Persian Empire
- a vast empire of southwest Asia founded by Cyrus II after 546 B.C. and brought to the height of its power and glory by Darius I and his son Xerxes
- Sumerians
- of or relating to ancient Sumer or its people, language, or culture
- Zealots
- members of a Jewish movement of the first century A.D. that fought against Roman rule in Palestine as incompatible with strict monotheism.
- Mesopotamia
- an ancient region of southwest Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq
- Mosque
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- Suleiman the Magnificent
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- Shah Abbas
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- Trinity
- the union of the Father and Son and Holy Ghost in one Godhead
- Clergy
- the body of people, such as priest who perform the sacred functions of the church
- Janissaries
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- Quran
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- Diaspora
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- Prophet
- spiritual leaders- god spoke to/through them to the other people
- Covenant
- a promise in an indenture, or any other formal debt agreement, that certain activities will or will not be carried out
- Augustine of Hippo
- (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great fathers of the early Christian church
- Arabs
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- Jesus of Nazareth
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- Apostles
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- New Testament
- the collection of the books of the Bible that were produced by the early Christian church, comprising the Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, the Epistles, and the Revelation of St. John the Divine
- Hammurabi's Code
- a comprehensive set of laws, considered by many scholars to be the oldest established, that were handed down four thousand years ago by King Hammurabi of Babylon
- Abbasid
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- Sunna
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- Rabbi
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- Bedouins
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- Cuneiform
- writing typified by the use of characters formed by the arrangement of small wedge-shaped elements
- Jihad
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- Synagogue
- a building or place of meeting for worship and religious instruction in the Jewish faith
- Babylonian Captivity
- the period from the fall of Jerusalem (586 B.C.) to the reconstruction in Palestine of a new Jewish state (after 538 B.C.)
- Five Pillars of Practice
- obligatory practices, Shahada—profession of faith ("There is no God but God and Muhammad is His messenger."), Salat—five prayers each day (must face Mecca; pray at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and nightfall.), Zakat—almsgiving (2½ percent of assets are given to charity), Sawm—fasting during the month of Ramadan from sunup to sundown, Hajj—the pilgrimage to Mecca (should be completed at least once)
- Zoroastrianism
- the religious system founded by Zoroaster and set forth in the Avesta, teaching the worship of Ahura Mazda in the context of a universal struggle between the forces of light and of darkness
- Dogma
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- Hadith
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- Caliphate
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- Judaism
- the monotheistic religion of the Jews, tracing its origins to Abraham and having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Hebrew Scriptures and the Talmud
- Pharisees
- members of an ancient Jewish sect that emphasized strict interpretation and observance of the Mosaic law in both its oral and written form.
- Sultan
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- Yahweh
- the name of the God of the Jews or the people of Israel, as preserved in the original consonantal Hebrew Bible text
- Peter
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- Sharia
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- Medina
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- The Western Wall
- a remnant of the retaining wall that underlay the second Temple in Jerusalem. The Western Wall is now a site of pilgrimage, lamentation, and prayer by Jews
- Umma
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- Ottoman Empire
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- Talmud
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- Messiah
- the promised and expected deliverer of the Jewish people.
- Abu Bakr
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- Monotheism
- the doctrine or belief that there is only one God
- Shah
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- Allah
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- Archbishop
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- Safavid Empire
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- Sunni
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