Comm Pt 3
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Toasts
- a ceremonial speech in miniature, offered as a tribute to people and what they have done, as a blessing for their future, or simply as light hearted enjoyment of the present moment.
- Dewey's Reflective Thinking(5)
- define the problem, generating potential solutions, evaluating solution options, developing a plan of action, and evaluating the results.
- Cultural gridlock
- problems in communication that arise from profound cultural differences can occur in groups whose participants come from different backgrounds.
- Logical fallacies
- slippery slop fallacy, red herring fallacy, ad hominem fallacy, shaky principle fallacy, post hoc fallacy, non sequitur fallacy, straw man fallacy, hasty generalization
- Enthymemes
- truncated syllogism which means it only has 2 parts - major or minor plus conclusion. (socrates is a man, Socrates is mortal) audience is asked to infer that all men are mortal)
- Chapter 17 Identification
- good to know interests to establish a common ground
- Types of problem solving(2)
- collaborative problem solving- when a group consists of people from very diverse backgrounds. Dialogue groups- establish a dialogue from which common ground and mutual trust can emerge.
- Group forums
- presentation is much like a panel discussion except that the questions come from the audience rather than from the moderator.
- Groupthink
- The uncritical acceptance of a position. Groupthink is most likely to occur when participants place a higher value on harmonious interpersonal interactions than on performing effectively.
- Types of ceremonial speeches
- speech of tribute- endorses the values of individual responsibility, striving, and achievement. Acceptance- you need to acknowledge an award or honor. Introductions- you must introduce a featured speaker in a program. Inspiration- You want to motivate listeners to appreciate and commit to a goal, purpose, or set of values; this may be religious, commercial, political, or social in nature. After-Dinner- you want to entertain the audience while leaving a message that can guide future behavior. Here, as elsewhere, brevity is golden. Master of ceremonies- you must coordinate a program and see that everything runs smoothly. The master of ceremonies sets the mood for the occasion.
- Persuasive speech designs(3)
- problem-solution design- first convinces listeners that there is a problem and then shows them how to deal with it. Motivated sequence design- Offers a practical, step-by-step approach when speakers wish to move from the awareness through the enactment phases of the persuasive process in a single speech. Refutative design- appropriate when you need to counter opposing views.
- Award presentations
- Usually have 2 parts- description of the award then why the person is worthy of deserving the award.
- Parliamentary procedure
- *call to question-ends discussion and asks for a vote
- Foreshadowing
- hinting of the meaning of the story that will follow and suggesting its importance.
- Symposium
- features a moderator and certain members of the problem-solving groups as presenters
- Types of reasoning (3)
- reason from principle- we use such principles to justify our value judgments and our calls to actions. Reasoning from reality- depends either on the speaker's personal experience or on the observations of others.(inductive reasoning) Reasoning from parallel cases- suggests that we can learn how to deal with a problem by considering a similar situation.
- Giving an ethical speech
- cite sources in order to be credible
- Speeches of Tribute
- endorses the values of individual responsibility, striving, and achievement.
- Types of narratives (3)
- master narrative- the entire speech becomes a story that reveals some important truth. Vicarious experience narrative- the speaker invites listeners to imagine themselves enacting the story that is the major business of the speech. Embedded narrative- little stories within it
- Focus groups
- typically consist of six to ten members carefully selected to provide the type of information sought. A trained moderator asks questions and encourages all of the participants to respond.
- Duties of a Master of Ceremonies
- as the master of ceremonies, you will be expected to keep the program moving along, introduce participants, and possibly present awards
- Planning for meetings (7)
- have a specific purpose for holding a meeting, prepare an agenda and distribute it to participants before the meeting, keep meetings short, keep groups small, select participants who will interact easily with each other, plan the site of the meeting, and prepare in advance.
- Parts of a narrative
- prologue-beginning, plot-reaches some type of climax, and epilogue-reflects on the meaning of the story.
- Magnification
- glorify someone like giving a ceremonial speech; being able to over come things
- Types of leadership(4)
- transactional leadership-takes place in an environment based on power relationships and relies on reward and punishment to accomplish its ends. Transformational leadership- appeals to "people's higher levels of motivation to contribute to a cause and add to the quality of life on the planet.";Participative, autocratic, transformational, transactional
- Syllogisms
- (this has 3) major premis, minor premis, conclusion - All men are mortal, Socrates is a man, Socrates is..) << also deductive