Comm Definitions
Terms
undefined, object
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- Connotative Meaning
- emotional meaning
- Toasts
- mini ceremonial speech - offered as a tribute to people and what they have done.
- Free rein
- lets members decide on their own what to do, how and when to do it
- Assimilation Effect
- see positions similar to your own as being closer to it than they actually are.
- Critical Listening
- analyzing content of message, trying to make judgemnet
- Syllogisms
- 3 major parts: major premise, minor premise, conclusion
- Introductions
- you must introduce a featured speaker in a program.
- Subordination
- points on separate sub level of outline
- Groupthink
- uncritical acceptance of a position; more important to not argue than to perform well.
- After-Dinner
- you want to entertain the audience while leaving a message that can guide future behavior. Here, as elsewhere, brevity is golden.
- Enduring Metaphor
- shared experience across time and culture (light dark, storms at sea)
- Inspiration
- You want to motivate listeners to appreciate and commit to a goal, purpose, or set of values; this may be religious, commercial, political, or social in nature.
- Transformational
- appeals to people's higher levels of motivation to contribute to a cause and add to the quality of life on the planet (i.e. Remember the Titans)
- Specific Purpose
- longer purpose, not full sentence "to inform you about dogs"
- Doublespeak
- words evade the responsibility of talking about the important meanings in a situation or even point in the direction opposite from the reality they should be describing (distort meaning)
- Denotative Meaning
- dictionary meaning
- Coordination
- points on same level of outline
- Transactional
- relies on reward and punishment to accomplish its ends
- Master of ceremonies
- you must coordinate a program and see that everything runs smoothly. The master of ceremonies sets the mood for the occasion.
- Amplification
- rephrase ideas to bring them into focus
- Ideographs
- express a country's basic political values- freedom, liberty, democracy
- Comprehensive listening
- point of transition between being aware of sounds and finding meaning
- Personification
- giving an object human attributes
- Acceptance
- you need to acknowledge an award or honor.
- Discriminative Listening
- basic form of listening, able to hear a message
- Intensity
- how much something contrasts the background (bold)
- Speech of tribute
- endorses the values of individual responsibility, striving, and achievement.
- Empathetic Listening
- try to see from speakers point of view, put judgements aside
- Maxims
- Compact sayings that encapsulate beliefs (give me democracy or give me death)
- Sleeper effect
- change shows up only after listeners have had time to integrate the message into their belief system
- Ad Hominem
- attacking the person rather than the point
- Boomerang effect
- effect in which audience reacts by opposing your position even more strongly; persuade poorly can be more against you before you started the speech
- General Purpose
- short, to inform, to persuade, to celebrate
- Alliteration
- repetition of initial sounds in sentence - she sells sea shells...
- Malapropism
- when people often err when using words that sound similar; "he is the very pineapple of politeness," when she meant pinnacle
- Filtering
- don't process all incoming information
- Post Hoc
- assuming since one event occurred after another, it was caused by it
- Trigger Words
- words that set off such powerful emotional reactions
- Thesis Statement
- full sentence purpose statement
- Metaphor
- brief, concentrated form of comparison that is implied, unexpected and sometimes even startling
- Autocratic
- makes decisions without consultation, issues orders and gives directions, and controls members of the group through the use of rewards or punishments; worked for
- Simile
- comparison using like or as
- Brainstorming
- allows free association
- Appreciative listening
- aesthetic phase of listening (ceremonial speeches)
- Mythos
- appeals to traditions, values and cultural identity
- Contrast Effect
- see positions different from yours as being more distant than they actually are.
- Participative
- seeks input from group members and gives them an active role in decision making