soc 270 midterm 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- interactionist perspective on race
- how symbols are used socially to classify people into diff. groups, affect members of racial groups, influence minority and majority populations
- functionalist perspective on race
- racial discrimination has persisted it has been functional for whites, the wealthy, middle class, and poor whites
- income poverty (overall)
- lack of income necessary to satisfy essential non-food needs (relative poverty)
- Talcott Parsons
- instrumental vs. expressive tasks (women perform instrumental, men perform expressive)
- relative poverty
- the insufficiency is substantially greater than that of most others in the society
- credit markets
- credit cards/credit scores/access credit, allows wealth accumulation
- ways the U.S. govt measure poverty
- poverty threshold (statistical purposes) and poverty guidelines (determines benefits)
- income poverty (extreme)
- lack of income necessary to satisfy basic food needs (absolute poverty)
- Wilson
- structural, history of racism towards african americans, deindustrialization created underclass
- absolute poverty
- the insufficiency is so severe that it is life-threatening
- earnings influence by denied access to
- quality education, job training, jobs, networks
- what is an example of blocked opportunity?
- educational disparity
- conflict perspective on gender
- means through which social groups achieve their ends, systems of gender inequality are devised and perpetuated by men, larger size/greater strength of males
- racialization of the state
- slavery, homestead laws, social security act of 1935, federal housing authority, AFDC
- probability of being poor increases if you are
- in a family headed by a female or a person of color (with native americans as highest rate)
- Light, Lewis
- individual level/cultural, culture of poverty, credit association, asian americans use collective effort
- who is the largest group in poverty?
- under 18, second largest is over 75
- poverty threshold
- census, determines national average of poverty
- poverty guidelines
- dept. of health and human services
- what are the poverty rates by race?
- more whites by numbers, but more minorities by rates
- functionalist perspective on gender
- how institutions shape common values, which achieving or failing to achieve consensus on gender
- fringe credit markets
- payday loans, pawn shops, rent-to-own, "predatory lending" in that people get caught in a cycle of debit, hurting credit scores
- measurement of poverty level
- poverty thresholds ($ amount)
- conflict perspective on race
- those in power continue to benefit, economic elite divide and conquer, view race relationships as power relationships (zero-sum)
- Massey and Denton
- conflict, racism, hypersegregation, housing market, redlining, cannot explain white poverty
- interactionist perspective on gender
- reveal the extent to which men and women define situations and reveal their selves, gender is being socially constructed through social interaction
- Oliver and Shapiro
- conflict/structural, black wealth/white wealth, wealth accumulation (income, investments, savings, assets, and capital), combination of factors
- human poverty
- lack of basic human capabilities
- inheritance + earnings =
- savings ((-) consumption & (+) investment)
- definition of poverty
- a state in which income is insufficient to provide basic necessities (such as food, shelter, medical care, and clothing)
- measurement of income
- money, non-cash benefits