Crimes Against People/Property and Commonly Used Defenses in Court
Terms
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- The killing of another person.
- Homicide
- The unlawful killing of another human being with malice.
- Murder
- Unlawful killing that is both willful and premeditated.
- First-Degree Murder
- Killing someone while committing a felony.
- Felony Murder
- Killing that is done with malice but is not premeditated.
- Second-Degree Murder
- Intentional killing in which the offender had no prior intent to kill-such as killing in the heat of passion.
- Voluntary Manslaughter
- A killing in which there is no intent to kill at all.
- Involuntary Manslaughter
- A non-criminal homicide for which the killer is deemed faultless.
- Justifiable Homicide
- Causing death through criminally negligent behavior.
- Negligent Homicide
- The failure to exercise a reasonable amount of care in either doing or not doing something resulting in death or injury to another person.
- Negligence
- What is the most common form of negligent homicide?
- Vehicular Homicide
- Assistance that ends the life of a person in order to end suffering.
- Euthanasia/Mercy Killing
- When a person kills themselves with the aid of others.
- Assisted Suicide
- The only state in the union that currently allows assisted suicides.
- Oregon
- Any attempt or threat to carry out a physical attack upon another person.
- Assault
- Any unlawful physical contact inflicted by one person on another.
- Battery
- Assault with the intent to rob, to commit murder, or an assault with a deadly weapon.
- Aggravated Assault or Battery
- Intercourse between an adult and a minor.
- Statutory Rape
- The willful and malicious burning of a person's property.
- Arson
- Willful destruction or damage to the property of another.
- Vandalism
- Unlawful taking and carrying away of another person's property to permanently deprive the owner of it( the legal term for stealing.)
- Larceny
- Unlawful taking of property by someone to whom it was entrusted.
- Embezzlement
- Unlawful taking of property from a person's immediate possession by force or intimidation.
- Robbery
- Unauthorized entry(breaking and entering) with the intent to commit a felony.
- Burglary
- What is the legal name for blackmail?
- Extortion
- Committed if a person only intends to take a vehicle temporarily (joyriding.)
- Unauthorized Use of a Vehicle
- Occurs when a person uses force or intimidation to steal a car from a driver.
- Carjacking
- Evidence that the defendant was somewhere else at the time the crime was committed.
- Alibi
- A defense that occurs when a person uses force because they believed that they were in serious danger of injury or death.
- Self-Defense
- A defense that may be used when a person uses force to rescue a family member that was attacked and believed to be in danger of injury or death.
- Defense of Family Members
- A defense that may be use when one uses reasonable, non-deadly force to protect their property.
- Propery Protection
- Laws that give persons the right to use deadly force to defend their property if they suspect the intruder will use any force at all.
- Make My Day Laws
- Defendant admits committing a criminal act but claims that he or she was induced or persuaded to commit the crime by a law enforcement officer.
- Entrapment
- A defense used when the person who committed the crime claims that they did not know what they were doing at the time or do not know the difference between right and wrong.
- Insanity
- Unlawful pressure on a person to do something that he or she would not otherwise do .
- Duress