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Legal Terms Gov/Econ

Terms

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Adversary System
Our judicial system in which opposing sides present their arguents in a case before a trial court
Admissible
Evidence that can be legally and properly introduced in trial
Allegation
The statement in a pleading of what one side intends to prove
Bailiff
A court attendant who keeps order in the court room.
Brief
A written statement prepared by one side in a lawsuit to explain its view of the facts of the case and the laws that apply
Case
Any proceeding action, lawsuit, started through the court system by filing a document
Civil action
a non-criminal case in which a person or business sues another person or business
Complaint
The legal document that usually begins a civil lawsuit or criminal case. It states one side's view of the facts of the case
Defendant
In a civil case, it is the person who is being sued. In a criminal case, it is the person charged with a crime
District Court
A court of limited jurisdiction that hears civil cases onvolving $4,000 or less, juvenile matters, city and county ordinaces, misdemeanors, traffic offenses, probate of wills and domestic violence cases.
Due Process
The right to receive a fair and impartial trial
Evidence
Any legally presented proof by a witness, records, or documents during the trial
Felony
A serious criminal offense punishable by imprisonment exceeding one year
Judge
An elected or appointed official with the authority to hear and decide cases in a court of law
Jury
People selected as set by law to make a decision or verdict in a trial
Law
Rules and principles of conduct supported by the government
Litigation
a legal contest in court
misdemeanor
a less serious criminal offense punishable by a fine or imprisonment of less than one year
oath
a written or oral pledge to keep a promise to speak the truth
plaintiff
The person filing a lawsuit in a court against another person or group
Probable Cause
a reasonable belief that a crime has been or being committed
Prosecutor
A trial lawyer representing the government in a criminal case
Public Defender
Government lawyer who provides free legal defense services to a poor person accused of a crime
Record
All of the documents, evidence and transcripts or oral proceedings in a case
Statutes
Laws passed or enacted by the state legislature
Subpoena
A written legal notive requiring a person to appear in court
Testimony
Evidence given by a witness under oath
Trial
The examination of issues regarding fact and law before the court
Verdict
The final formal trial decision made by a jury, read before the court and accepted by the judge
Witness
a person testifying under oath in court about their knowledge of the case

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