American Government - Exam 4
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- The Constitutional Amendment that abolished slavery was the:
- Correct Answer: Thirteenth Amendment.
- The Emancipation Proclamation was issued in:
- 1862.
- The Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court ruling of 1896 declared that segregation of schools and other facilities was constitutional if:
- Correct Answer: the facilities were separate but equal.
- The case that overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling was:
- Correct Answer: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.
- What organization did Martin Luther King, Jr., form to direct his nonviolent civil rights movement?
- SCLC
- In which Supreme Court case did the Court strike down a special admissions program for minorities at a California state medical school because it denied a white applicant his rights?
- Your Answer: University of California Regents v. Bakke
- Affirmative action programs are most likely to be found constitutional if they meet any of the following standards EXCEPT
- they are \"widely tailored\" to achieve the government\'s compelling interest.
- Which Supreme Court justice stated that the Constitution should be \"color- blind?\"
- Your Answer: John Harlan
- Which Hispanic subgroup tends to support the Republican Party?
- Your Answer: Cuban Americans
- What government agency handles Native American affairs?
- Your Answer: Bureau of Indian Affairs
- To the authors of the Declaration of Independence, governments and constitutions existed:
- Your Answer: to make individual liberty more secure.
- The application of the Bill of Rights to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was called:
- Your Answer: incorporation.
- Which amendment contains the free exercise clause of the U.S. Constitution?
- Correct Answer: First Amendment
- The purpose of the free exercise clause is to:
- Prohibit the federal government from restricting religious beliefs and practices.
- All of the following are elements of the Lemon test regarding \"establishment\" of religion except:
- Correct Answer: the law must have religious overtones.
- In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that even voluntary prayer in public schools was unconstitutional?
- Correct Answer: Engle v. Vitale
- In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court create a \"clear and present danger\" doctrine?
- Correct Answer: Gitlow v. New York
- In which case did the Supreme Court find a right to privacy in the Constitution?
- Correct Answer: Griswold v. Connecticut
- Which of the following is NOT a right of a criminal defendant?
- Your Answer: right to bail
- The power to invalidate laws of Congress or of the states if they conflict with the U.S. Constitution is called
- Your Answer: Judicial Review.
- When the judicial branch defers to the policy judgments of elected branches of government, it is called:
- Your Answer: Judicial Self-Restraint.
- When a Supreme Court justice takes the values of the Founders as expressed in the text of the Constitution and attempts to apply these values to current conditions it is called:
- Correct Answer: The Doctrine of Original Intent.
- The original jurisdiction trial courts of the federal system are called:
- Your Answer: District Courts.
- The U.S. Supreme court oversees the entire judicial system but the great bulk of cases begin and end in the:
- Your Answer: State Courts.
- In 1987 the U.S. Senate rejected Reagan’s nominee for the Supreme Court Judge Robert Bork, based upon:
- Correct Answer: his political views.
- What did Marbury v. Madison do?
- Correct Answer: demonstrated the court\'s power of judicial review.
- In order for the federal courts to take on a civil case between citizens of different states what is the minimum amount of money must be involved?
- Correct Answer: $50,000
- Cases that are initiated by parties acting on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated are called:
- Correct Answer: class action lawsuits.
- The 1978 Ethics in Government Act
- was allowed to lapse by Congress in 1999 and granted federal courts the power to appoint and independent counsel.
- To become a president, a person must:
- 1. have been a resident of the U.S. for at least fourteen years. 2. be a natural born U.S. citizen. 3. be at least thirty-five years of age.
- Presidential term limits were established:
- Correct Answer: by amending the Constitution.
- If the offices of president and vice president are both vacated, then Congress has specified that the next in line for the presidency is the:
- Correct Answer: Speaker of the House.
- The Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974:
- requires presidents to spend all of the funds appropriated by Congress.
- Of the Executive Branch’s 2.8 million civilian employees, the president actually appoints only about:
- 3,000.
- Under the War Powers Act of 1973
- the president can commit armed forces to combat for sixty days.
- Who is rated first among presidents in all of the rating polls?
- Lincoln
- Which president reached that office without being elected to either the vice presidency or the presidency?
- Gerald Ford
- The president can pardon who?
- anyone for any crime.
- The U.S. Congress is:
- bicameral
- Congress is more powerful in:
- domestic affairs
- The War Powers Act of 1973 was designed to:
- Curtail the president’s power to commit U.S. troops to combat.
- Congressional oversight refers to:
- Congressional monitoring of federal agencies to determine whether laws are being faithfully executed.
- A president may be removed from office with a simple majority vote for impeachment in the House of Representatives and:
- following a trial in the Senate, a two-thirds vote for removal in the Senate.
- Gerrymandering occurs when:
- states draw district lines to give a political advantage to one party or group.
- Majority-minority districts are:
- districts drawn to create a majority of minority group constituents
- Turnover in Congress is generally as a result of:
- resignation, retirement, reapportionment.
- Which of the following is a job performed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives?
- appointing members to select, special and conference committees, recognizing members to speak on the House floor, controlling patronage jobs and office space in the Capitol
- Which of the following is the most important standing committee in the House of Representatives?
- Appropriations Committee