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American Government - Exam 4

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The Constitutional Amendment that abolished slavery was the:
Correct Answer: Thirteenth Amendment.
The Emancipation Proclamation was issued in:
1862.
The Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court ruling of 1896 declared that segregation of schools and other facilities was constitutional if:
Correct Answer: the facilities were separate but equal.
The case that overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling was:
Correct Answer: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.
What organization did Martin Luther King, Jr., form to direct his nonviolent civil rights movement?
SCLC
In which Supreme Court case did the Court strike down a special admissions program for minorities at a California state medical school because it denied a white applicant his rights?
Your Answer: University of California Regents v. Bakke
Affirmative action programs are most likely to be found constitutional if they meet any of the following standards EXCEPT
they are \"widely tailored\" to achieve the government\'s compelling interest.
Which Supreme Court justice stated that the Constitution should be \"color- blind?\"
Your Answer: John Harlan
Which Hispanic subgroup tends to support the Republican Party?
Your Answer: Cuban Americans
What government agency handles Native American affairs?
Your Answer: Bureau of Indian Affairs
To the authors of the Declaration of Independence, governments and constitutions existed:
Your Answer: to make individual liberty more secure.
The application of the Bill of Rights to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was called:
Your Answer: incorporation.
Which amendment contains the free exercise clause of the U.S. Constitution?
Correct Answer: First Amendment
The purpose of the free exercise clause is to:
Prohibit the federal government from restricting religious beliefs and practices.
All of the following are elements of the Lemon test regarding \"establishment\" of religion except:
Correct Answer: the law must have religious overtones.
In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that even voluntary prayer in public schools was unconstitutional?
Correct Answer: Engle v. Vitale
In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court create a \"clear and present danger\" doctrine?
Correct Answer: Gitlow v. New York
In which case did the Supreme Court find a right to privacy in the Constitution?
Correct Answer: Griswold v. Connecticut
Which of the following is NOT a right of a criminal defendant?
Your Answer: right to bail
The power to invalidate laws of Congress or of the states if they conflict with the U.S. Constitution is called
Your Answer: Judicial Review.
When the judicial branch defers to the policy judgments of elected branches of government, it is called:
Your Answer: Judicial Self-Restraint.
When a Supreme Court justice takes the values of the Founders as expressed in the text of the Constitution and attempts to apply these values to current conditions it is called:
Correct Answer: The Doctrine of Original Intent.
The original jurisdiction trial courts of the federal system are called:
Your Answer: District Courts.
The U.S. Supreme court oversees the entire judicial system but the great bulk of cases begin and end in the:
Your Answer: State Courts.
In 1987 the U.S. Senate rejected Reagan’s nominee for the Supreme Court Judge Robert Bork, based upon:
Correct Answer: his political views.
What did Marbury v. Madison do?
Correct Answer: demonstrated the court\'s power of judicial review.
In order for the federal courts to take on a civil case between citizens of different states what is the minimum amount of money must be involved?
Correct Answer: $50,000
Cases that are initiated by parties acting on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated are called:
Correct Answer: class action lawsuits.
The 1978 Ethics in Government Act
was allowed to lapse by Congress in 1999 and granted federal courts the power to appoint and independent counsel.
To become a president, a person must:
1. have been a resident of the U.S. for at least fourteen years. 2. be a natural born U.S. citizen. 3. be at least thirty-five years of age.
Presidential term limits were established:
Correct Answer: by amending the Constitution.
If the offices of president and vice president are both vacated, then Congress has specified that the next in line for the presidency is the:
Correct Answer: Speaker of the House.
The Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974:
requires presidents to spend all of the funds appropriated by Congress.
Of the Executive Branch’s 2.8 million civilian employees, the president actually appoints only about:
3,000.
Under the War Powers Act of 1973
the president can commit armed forces to combat for sixty days.
Who is rated first among presidents in all of the rating polls?
Lincoln
Which president reached that office without being elected to either the vice presidency or the presidency?
Gerald Ford
The president can pardon who?
anyone for any crime.
The U.S. Congress is:
bicameral
Congress is more powerful in:
domestic affairs
The War Powers Act of 1973 was designed to:
Curtail the president’s power to commit U.S. troops to combat.
Congressional oversight refers to:
Congressional monitoring of federal agencies to determine whether laws are being faithfully executed.
A president may be removed from office with a simple majority vote for impeachment in the House of Representatives and:
following a trial in the Senate, a two-thirds vote for removal in the Senate.
Gerrymandering occurs when:
states draw district lines to give a political advantage to one party or group.
Majority-minority districts are:
districts drawn to create a majority of minority group constituents
Turnover in Congress is generally as a result of:
resignation, retirement, reapportionment.
Which of the following is a job performed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives?
appointing members to select, special and conference committees, recognizing members to speak on the House floor, controlling patronage jobs and office space in the Capitol
Which of the following is the most important standing committee in the House of Representatives?
Appropriations Committee

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