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OPOTA SPO

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1-1SPO #1 Intro to Basic Training
The Relationship Between An SPO and a Test Question Must Respond Directly to the SPO and for Every SOP There is a Test Question
1-1 SPO #2 The Ultimate Reason for Training is Successful Job Performance
* Training Instills the knowledge and skills necessary for a lawful response to situations faced by a law enforcement officer. * When Under stress or in Emergency situations, officers respond as trained. * Extensive Training helps professionalize those who work in law enforcement
1-2 SPO #1 The Definition of "ROLE" is:
* The Character and Expected Social Behavior of an Individual. * Those Behaviors Typically Performed by an Individual in a Particular Situation or Occupation.
1-2 SPO #2 Occupational Role is defined as:
Behaviors Performed in the Course of Pursuing one's Job or Vocation.
1-2 SPO #3 Role Conflict Occurs when
The Officer Perceives a Clash between competing perceptions, values and standards when deciding what behavior is appropriate.
1-2 SPO #4 Stress my defined as
* A state of physical and psychological arousal * The wear and tear on the body
1-2 SPO #5 A Critical incident may be defined as
A specific event which causes unusually strong emotional reactions and which has the potential to interfere with the ability to function either at the scene or later.
1-2 SPO #6 Categories of Stress Symptoms
* Cognitive * Physical * Emotional * Behavioral
1-2 SPO #7 initial intervention techniques to be utilized after a critical incident
* Physical Exercise * Structured Time * Talk to Friends and Family * Eat Healthy Foods * Do Not Make Life Changes
1-2 SPO #9 Seven Traditional Critical of a Profession
* Specific Body of Knowledge * Extensive Preparation Through Education and Training * Code of Ethics *Licensing, Regulation by boards and councils. *Commitment and Obligation to Clientele *Relative Professional Autonomy. *Public Acknowledgment.
1-2 SPO #10 Discretion can be defined as
The use of individual judgment by officers in making decisions as to which of several behavioral responses is appropriate in specific situations.
1-3 SPO #1 The Definition of Federalism
A dual System of Government
1-3 SPO #2 Due Process of Law is
The Process of assuring fundamental fairness in the application of criminal justice
1-3 SPO #3 Probable Cause is
The facts and circumstances which would lead a reasonable person to believe that a condition exists that justifies the action to be taken
A
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1-3 SPO #4 Proof Beyond a Reasonable Doubt is
The Accused Guilt must be Established to the Point that the faces proven most, by virtue of their probative force, establish guilt
1-3 SPO #5 Preponderance of Evidence
Where there is more likelihood of an event than there is doubt
1-3 SPO #6 Factual Guilt plus Legal Guilt
This Term Means that the Accused did in fact commit the crime or act in question, or there is substantial evidence of proof beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused did so
1-3 SPO #7 Legal Guilt has 3 Components
* Was the Accused Properly Treated in Bing Brought to Justice * Was he or she given his/her procedural rights * Was due process adhered to
1-3 SPO #8 Crime Control Perspective contrasted with Due Process Perspective
Crime Control Perspective: The Focus of crime control is on factual guilt and speedy processing of the accused through the system A crime control tends to view the offender as guilty until proven innocent It is nicknamed “Assembly Line Justice” Due Process Perspective: The Accused is afforded the proper Constitutional and Civil Rights Emphasis is placed on following the proper Procedures It is nicknamed “Obstacle course justice” because of the number of “Technicalities built into the system”
1-3 SPO #9 Civil Rights:
The Rights and Privileges afforded all persons in society by the legislative acts of congress, the state and Local Ordinances.
1-3 SPO #10 Section 42 U.S.C. 1983 States:
Every Person Who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, or any state or territory, suspects, or causes to be subjected, any citizens of the United States or other persons within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges or immunities secured by the constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit for equality or other proper proceeding for redress.
1-4 SPO #1 The Criminal Justice System
The Formal system established by the United States for Maintaining social control and handling criminal conduct
1-4 SPO #2 Four Components of the Criminal Justice System
* Law Enforcement * Prosecution and Defense * Judiciary * Corrections
1-4 SPO #3 The Titles of the Courts in Ohio
* The Supreme Court of Ohio * Court of Appeals * Common Pleas Court * County Court * Municipal Court * Mayors Court * Court of Claims
1-4 SPO #4 5 Matters The Supreme Court have Jurisdiction Over
1. Quo Warranto 2. Mandamus 3. Habeas Corpus 4. Probation 5. Procedendo
1-4 SPO #5 Offenses are Divided into Two Broad Classes
* Felony * Misdemeanor
1-4 SPO #6 A Felony is an offense Defined by Law as
A Felony
Unit 1-1 thru Unit 1-4
OPATA FLASH CARDS
hannah
banna
as above
as above
12
12
unit 2 spo 1
unit 1 spo and others
1-4 SOP#7 Misdemeanor
An Offense defined by Law as a Misdemeanor
1-4 SPO #8 Two purposes of a felony sentencing
1. To protect the public from future crime by offender and others
2.To punish the offender.
1-4 SPO#9 Four needs a court is required to consider when imposing a felony sentence
1.The need for incacitating the offender.
2.the need to deterring the offender and other from future crime.
3.the need to rehabilitate the offender
4.the need for making restitution to the victim of the offense,public or both


1-4SPO #10 A felony sentence imposed by the court must satisfy 3 requirements
1.It must be reasonably calculated to achieve the consideration of the court.
2.It must be commensurate with and not demeaning to the seriousness of the offender\'s conduct and its impact on the victim
3.It must be consistent with sentences imposed for similar crimes committed by other offenders with similar characteristics

1-4SPO #11 Eleven (11) sequential steps necessary to process an adult felon through the Ohio criminal justice system
* Investigation
* Arrest
* Booking
* Initial Appearance
* Preliminary Hearing
* Grand Jury
* Arraignment
* Pre-Trial Motions and Hearings
* Trial
* Sentencing
*Appeal









1-4SPO #12 Seven (7) Sequential steps necessary for processing an adult misdemeanor offender through the criminal justice system
* Investigation
* Arrest/Summons/Citation
* Initial Appearance
* Arraignment
* Trial
* Sentencing
* Appeal





1-4SPO #13 Nine (9) stages of the Juvenile justice process in sequence, are
* Investigation
* Taking into custody
* Intake/Detention Hearing
* Formal Complaint
* Pre-Adjudication Hearing
* Preliminary Hearing
* Adjudication Hearing
* Disposition
* Appeal







1-6SPO #1 Community Policing may be defined as
A practical, effective way of policing that helps Law Enforcement and community partners work together to identify crime and its related problems, then develop ways to resolve and prevent crime and disorder from occurring in the future.
1-6SPO #2 Ten (10) principles of community policing
* Philosophy
* Commitment
* Personalized
* Proactive
* Trust
* Enforcement
* Special Needs
* Grass-Roots
* Change
* Futuristic








1-6SPO #3 The three (3) essential elements of community policing
* Partnership
* Empowerment
* Problem Solving

1-6 SPO #4 The four (4) steps of problem solving are
* Scanning
* Analysis
* Response
* Assessment


1-6 SPO #5 Community policing initiatives that involve Law Enforcement and the community in ways to reduce or prevent crime
* Neighborhood Watch
* Citizen Police Academies
1-7 SPO #1 Five (5) uses of Field Notes
* Preservation of knowledge in written form
* Foundation of the formal written report
* Aids in further investigation
* Evidence in court
* Documentation of the officer\'s efforts in the field



1-7 SPO #2 Eight (8) types of information to be recorded in field notes
* Complete information on victims, witnesses, and suspects involved
* Date and time of offense or incident being reported
* Location of the occurrence
* Type of place where offense or incident took place
* Details of offense or incident being reported
* Disposition of evidence, property, and subjects
* Other important information
* Corresponding report number






1-7 SPO #4 Six (6) Essential questions answered in a report
* Who
* What
* Where
* How
* When
* Why




1-7 SPO #5 Four (4) requirements of a well written report
* Complete
* Concise
* Clear
* Correct


2-1 SPO #1 Crime
Any act or omission done in violation of the law
2-1 SPO #2 Elements of a crime
* Actus reus
* Harm
* Causation
* Mens rea
* Concurrence



2-1 SPO #3 Culpable mental states
* Purposely
* Knowingly
* Recklessly
* Negligently


2-1 SPO #4 Jurisdiction
A government\'s general power to exercise authority over all persons and things within it\'s territory
2-1 SPO #5 Venue
The particular county or geographical area in which a court with jurisdiction may hear and determine a case, and in the territory of which the offense or any element of the offense was committed
2-1 SPO #6 Burden of Proof
The duty of proving facts disrupted during trial
2-1 SPO #7 Statutory Law
The body of law derived from statements rather than from constitutions or judicial decisions
2-1 SPO #8 Case Law
The law found in the collection of reported cases that form all or part of the body of law withing a given jurisdiction
2-1 SPO #9 Force
Any violent, compulsion, or constraint physically exerted by any means on or against a person or thing
2-1 SPO #10 Deadly Force
Any force which carries a substantial risk that it will proximately result in the death of any person
2-1 SPO #11 Physical harm to persons
Any injury, illness or other physiological impairment, regardless of it\'s gravity or duration
2-1 SPO #12 Physical harm to property
Any tangible damage to property that, in any degree, results in loss to its value interferes with its use or enjoyment
3-1 SPO#1 THREE EGO THREATS THAT AFFECT COMMUNICATIONS
1. Repression-kept from doing something important to the person
2. Fear of disapproval - we all want to be liked
3. Fear of loss of status - we all seek reward and some degree of prestige

3-1 SPO#2 GUIDELINES FOR BEING AN EFFECTIVE LISTENE
1. Want to listen
2. Act like a good listener
3. Listen to understand
4. React to message
5. Stop talking
6. Empathize
7. Ask questions
8. Concentrate
9. Look at the other person
10. Smile
11. Listen for the main points
12. Share the responsibility for seeing that the message is understood
13. React to ideas, not the person communicating
14. Don’t argue mentally
15. Since the mind works much faster than a person can talk, use the difference in rate to track the speaker’s main ideas
16. Don’t antagonize the speaker
17. Avoid judgments















3-1 SPO#3 FOUR PRINCIPLES FOR WORKING WITH PEOPL
1. Maintain a positive attitude - people will like you and like being around you - it is your single most important possession
2. Be on stage when on the job - treat your day at work like a professional performance by the best performer you can imagine
a. You don’t have to like everyone but act like you do
b. Disneyland and Disney World live by this principle
3. Practice the golden rule - it is the wisdom of the ages and it still works - if you ever made a mistake but meant well, people may not sue you
4. Obey the law
a. It is your highest duty
b. Nothing infuriates the public more than to see an officer violate the law, no matter how minor






3-1 SPO#4 TWO REASONS FOR ESTABLISHING EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE MEDIA
a. Quickest way to reach the largest audiences
b. Media coverage greatly impacts public opinion of the agency
1. Silence can be costly: media members will go to others who may not share the information you would like distributed to the public - possibly not even accurate information
2. The bottom line is that law enforcement and the media need each other
a. Law enforcement needs a method of distributing information to the public about such things as:
1. Missing persons
2. Wanted suspects
3. Serial crimes
4. Scam artists
5. New policies and procedures
b. The media serves that function as information reporting is their purpose









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