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Terms
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- parody
- n. ~ (piece of) speech, writing or music that imitates the style of an author, composer, etc in an amusing and often exaggerated way; comic imitation
- misanthrope
- a person who hates or distrusts mankind
- prosaic adj.
- uninspired; unimaginative
- comprehend
- v. understand fully
- specious
- adj. seeming rightor true but actually wrong or false
- engender
- v. be the cause of (a situation or condition)
- facilitate
- v. (of an object, a process, etc but not of a person) make (sth) easy or less difficult
- compromise
- n. giving up of certain demands by each side in a dispute, so that an agreement may be reached which satisfies both to some extent
- advocate
- v. speak publicly in favour of (sth); recommend; support
- render
- v. ~ sth (for sth); ~ sth (to sb) give sth in return or exchange, or as sth which is due
- appease v.
- make quiet or calm, usu by making concessions or by satisfying demands
- confidence
- n. ~ (in sb/sth) firm trust (in sb, in sb's ability, or in what is said, reported, etc)
- illusory
- based on or producing illusion:DECEPTIVE
- provoke v.
- make (sb) angry or annoyed
- elegy
- n. poem or song expressing sorrow, esp for the dead; lament ;
- volatile
- adj. changing rapidly into vapour
- adhere
- v. ~ (to sth) remain attached (to sth); stick (as if) by means of glue or suction
- subtlety
- n. quality of being subtle
- superfluous
- adj. more than is needed or wanted
- propriety
- n. state of being correct in one's social or moral behaviour
- eulogy
- n. (speech or piece of writing containing) high praise of a person or thing
- abridge v.
- make shorter, esp by using fewer words; condense
- obdurate
- adj. impossible to change; stubborn
- pertinent
- adj. ~ (fml ) relevant (to sth); to the point
- effective
- adj. having an effect; producing the intended result
- eclectic
- adj. (of people, beliefs, etc) not restricted to one source of ideas, etc, but choosing from or using a wide range
- opaque
- adj. not allowing light to pass through; not transparent
- countenance
- n. (expression on sb's) face
- aberrant
- adj. not following the normal or correct way
- conventional adj.
- (often derog ) based on convention(2a)
- conviction
- n. ~ the convicting of a person for a crime
- erratic adj.
- irregular or uneven in movement, quality or behaviour; unreliable
- relevant
- adj. ~ (to sth/sb)connected with what is being discussed, what is happening,what is being done, etc
- rigid
- adj. stiff; not bending or yielding
- condone v.
- treat or regard as if it were not serious or wrong; overlook; forgive
- bolster n.
- long pillow, usu shaped like a roll, across the head of a bed
- evanescent
- adj. quickly fading; soon disappearing from memory
- deliberate
- adj. done on purpose; intentional
- illuminate
- v. provide with light
- yield
- v. bear, produce or provide
- synthesis
- n. combining of separate parts, elements, etc to form a complex whole
- decorum n.
- dignified and socially acceptable behaviour
- enhance v.
- increase make (sb/sth) look better
- sophistication
- n. quality of being sophisticated
- enigma
- n. question, person, thing, circumstance, etc that is difficult to understand; mystery
- reconcile
- to make consistent or congruous
- vigor
- active bodily or mental strength or force
- placid
- adj. calm and peaceful; undisturbed
- articulate
- adj. able to express one's ideas clearly in words
- brittle adj.
- hard but easily broken; fragile
- diatribe
- n. ~ lengthy and bitter attack in words
- probity n.
- quality of being honest and trustworthy; integrity ;
- indecision
- n. ~ state of being unable to decide; hesitation
- intermittent adj.
- continually stopping and then starting again; not constant
- reinstate
- v. ~ sb restore sb to a previous (esp important) position
- inevitable
- adj. that cannot be avoided; that is sure to happen
- amplify v.
- increase (sth) in size or strength
- dismiss v.
- ~ sb remove sb (esp an employee) from a position
- indifferent
- adj. ~ having no interest in sb/sth; neither for nor against sb/sth; not caring about sb/sth
- proliferate
- v. produce new growth or offspring rapidly; multiply ;
- devoid
- adj. ~ of sth without sth; completely lacking in sth
- innocuous
- adj. causing no harm
- duration
- n. time during which sth lasts or continues
- resignation
- n. ~ (instance of) resigning
- anomalous
- adj. different from what is normal; irregular
- peripheral
- adj. ~ of secondary or minor importance (to sth)
- antiseptic
- n. substance that prevents a wound, etc from becoming septic, esp by destroying bacteria
- gullible
- adj. willing to believe anything or anyone; easily deceived
- endorse v.
- write one's name on the back of
- repudiate
- v. refuse to have any more to do with (sb); disown ;
- forestall
- v. act before so as to prevent him from doing sth
- renounce
- v. agree to give up ownership or possession of (sth), esp formally
- dominate
- v. have control of or a very strong influence on (people, events, etc)
- commonplace
- adj. ordinary; not interesting
- expertise
- n. expert knowledge or skill, esp in a particular field
- assuage v.
- make (sth) less severe; soothe
- desiccate
- v. remove all the moisture from to preserve it
- emulate v.
- ~ sb (fml ) try to do as well as or better than sb
- consistency
- n. (approv ) quality of being consistent(1)
- obviate v.
- remove (sth); get rid of
- derivative
- adj. derived from sth else; not original
- disinterested
- adj. not influenced by personal feelings or interests; unbiased
- disdain n.
- feeling that sb/sth is not good enough to deserve one's respect; contempt
- meticulous
- adj. ~ giving or showing great precision and care; very attentive to detail
- harangue
- n. long, loud, serious and usu angry speech
- explicit
- adj. (of a statement, etc) clearly and fully expressed
- awe
- n. feeling of respect combined with fear or wonder
- enervate
- v. cause to lose strength or energy
- vulnerable
- adj. ~ that can be hurt, wounded or injured
- placate v.
- make less angry; soothe or pacify
- deference
- n. giving way to the views, wishes, etc of others, usu out of respect; respect
- partisan
- n. enthusiastic and often uncritical supporter of a person, group or cause
- distinct
- adj. easily heard, seen, felt or understood; definite
- acknowledge
- v. accept the truth of admit (sth)
- disparage
- v. suggest, esp unfairly, that is of little value or importance
- antipathy
- settled aversion or dislike:DISTASTE
- eccentric
- adj. unusual; peculiar; not conventional or normal
- augment v.
- make (sth) larger in number or size; increase
- indecisive
- adj. not final or conclusive
- aggrandize
- to make appear great or greater:praise highly
- foster
- v. help the growth or development of (sth); encourage or promote
- precipitate
- v. cause (sth) to happen suddenly or soon(er); hasten
- appropriate
- adj. ~ suitable; right and proper
- random
- adj. done, chosen, etc without method or conscious choice; haphazard
- mundane adj.
- ordinary and typically unexciting
- mute
- adj. silent; making no sound
- sanction
- n. permission or approval for an action, a change, etc
- substantiate v.
- give facts to support (a claim, statement, etc); prove
- assumption
- n. thing accepted as true or as sure to happen, but not proved
- coalesce
- v. combine and form one group, substance, mass, etc
- generate
- v. cause to exist or occur; produce
- disperse
- v. go in different directions; scatter; break up
- contempt
- n. ~ (for sb/sth) feeling that sb/sth is completely worthless and cannot be respected
- disabuse
- v. ~ sb of sth free sb of (false ideas)
- laconic adj.
- using few words; terse
- elaborate
- adj. very detailed and complicated; carefully prepared and finished
- undermine
- v. make a hollow or tunnel beneath (sth); weaken at the base
- betray
- v. ~ sb/sth hand over or show sb/sth disloyally (to an enemy)
- abstract
- adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence
- ambiguous
- adj. having more than one possible meaning
- facetious
- adj. intended to be amusing, often inappropriately
- conformity
- n. ~ (fml ) (behaviour, etc) conforming to established rules, customs, etc ,
- transparent
- adj. allowinglight to pass through so that objects behind can be seen clearly
- embellish
- v. ~ sth make sth beautiful by adding ornaments, etc
- relegate
- banish; consign to inferior position
- equivocal
- adj. having a double or doubtful meaning; ambiguous
- ephemeral
- adj. living, lasting, etc for a very short time
- cynical adj.
- of or like a cynic
- valid
- adj. legally effective because made or done with the correct formalities
- hamper
- n. large basket with a hinged lid, esp one containing food, wine, etc
- denounce
- v. ~ sb (to sb) (as sth) give information (to the authorities) against sb
- mollify v.
- lessen the anger of (sb); make calmer; soothe
- resolve v.
- ~ on/upon/against sth/doing sth decide firmly; determine
- uniformity
- sameness; consistency; monotony
- decipher
- v. succeed in understanding
- resolution
- n. quality of being resolute or firm; determination
- banal
- adj. commonplace; uninteresting
- precise adj.
- stated clearly andaccurately
- aversion
- n. ~ strong dislike
- intractable
- adj. not easily controlled or dealt with; hard to manage
- taciturn
- adj. saying very little; uncommunicative ;
- irrelevant
- adj. ~ not connected (with sth); not relevant (to sth)
- agenda
- n. matters of business to be discussed at a meeting, etc
- inhibit v.
- ~ sb prevent sb from doing sth that should be natural or easy to do
- humility
- n. humble attitude of mind; modesty
- arbitrary
- adj. based on personal opinion or impulse, not on reason
- apathetic
- adj. showing or feeling apathy
- imminent
- adj. about to happen; likely to happen very soon
- obsequious
- adj. ~ (to sb) too willing to obey or serve; too respectful (esp in the hope of getting a reward or favour from sb)
- persist v.
- ~ continue to do sth, esp in an obstinate and determined way and in spite of opposition, argument or failure
- fluctuation
- n. ~ (of/in sth)
- scrutinize
- examine closely and critically
- approbation
- n. approval; consent
- manipulate
- v. control or handle with skill
- exemplary
- adj. serving as an example; suitable for imitation
- substantial
- adj. large in amount; considerable
- apprise v.
- ~ sb of sth inform sb of sth
- refute
- v. prove to be wrong
- pragmatic
- adj. treating things in a sensible and realistic way; concerned with practical results
- suppress
- v. put an end to (sth), esp by force; crush
- hostility
- n. ~ being hostile (to sb/sth); antagonism; enmity
- equanimity
- n. calmness of mind or temper
- lucid
- adj. clearly expressed; easy to understand
- conscientious
- adj. careful to do what one ought to do, and do it as well as one can
- convoluted
- adj. coiled; twisted
- passive adj.
- not active; submissive
- craven
- adj. cowardly
- problematic
- adj. difficult to deal with or to understand
- timidity
- timidness ns
- diversity
- n. state of being varied; variety
- alleviate
- v. make less severe; ease
- ignite
- v. catch fire
- console v.
- ~ sb give comfort or sympathy to (sb who is unhappy, disappointed, etc)
- exacerbate
- v. make (pain, disease, a situation) worse; aggravate
- plausible
- adj. seeming to be right or reasonable; believable
- fastidious
- adj. selecting carefully; choosing only what is good ;
- distinction
- n. ~ difference or contrast between one person or thing and another
- connoisseur
- n. person with good judgement on matters in which appreciation of fineness or beauty is needed, esp the fine arts
- tension n.
- state or degree of stretching or being stretched
- censure v.
- ~ sb criticize sb severely; rebuke sb formally
- imperative
- adj. very urgent or important; needing immediateattention
- agitate v.
- cause anxiety to (a person, his feelings, etc); disturb; excite
- reticent
- adj. ~ not revealing one's thoughts or feelings easily; reserved
- friction
- n. rubbing of one surface or thing against another
- resentment
- n. resenting sb/sth
- ingenuous
- adj. not attempting to deceive or conceal; open; innocent
- veracity
- n. truthfulness; truth
- subside v.
- sink to a lower or to the normal level
- sporadic
- adj. happening or seen only occasionally or in a few places; occurring irregularly
- discrete
- adj. separate; distinct
- anesthetic
- = anaesthesia, anaesthetic
- inept
- adj. ~ (at sth/doing sth) completely unskilful (at sth)
- tact
- n. skill at not offending people or at gaining goodwill by saying or doing the right thing
- brevity n.
- shortness or briefness
- diffuse v.
- spread all around; send out in all directions
- obscure adj.
- not easily or clearly seen or understood; indistinct; hidden
- impede
- v. hinder or obstruct the progress or movement of
- malleable
- adj. that can be beaten or pressed into different shapes easily
- discretion
- n. quality of being discreet; good judgement
- redundant
- adj. not needed; superfluous; unnecessary
- equivocate
- v. speak in an ambiguous way to hide the truth or mislead people
- accelerate
- v. make move faster or happen earlier; increase the speed of
- flourish
- v. be successful, very active, or widespread; prosper
- austere adj.
- severely and strictly moral; having no pleasures or comforts
- beneficial
- adj. ~ having a helpful or useful effect; advantageous
- esteem
- v. (not used in the continuous tenses ) have a high opinion of (sb/sth); respect greatly
- presumptuous adj.
- (of a person or his behaviour) too bold or self-confident
- superficial
- adj. of or on the surface only
- sophisticated
- adj. having or showing much worldly experience and knowledge of fashionable life
- impartial
- adj. not favouring one person or thing more than another; fair or neutral
- tentative
- adj. done, said, etc to test sth; hesitant or exploratory; not definite or decisive
- capricious
- adj. characterized by sudden changes in attitude or behaviour; unpredictable; impulsive
- authoritative
- adj. having authority; that can be trusted; reliable
- dispel
- v. drive (sth) away; cause to vanish
- caustic adj.
- that can burn or destroy things by chemical action
- vacillate
- v. ~ (fml usu derog , ) keep changing one's mind; move backwards and forwards between two emotions
- sonnet
- n. type of poem containing 14 lines, each of 10 syllables, and with a formal pattern of rhymes
- composure
- n. state of being calm in mind or behaviour
- contest
- dispute
- initiate
- v. put (a scheme, etc) into operation; cause (sth) to begin
- promote to
- contribute to the growth or prosperity of:FURTHER
- stanza
- n. group of lines forming a unit in some types of poem; verse of poetry