Review Terms 10
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- Viking explorer who "discovered" America
- Leif Ericson
- Queen at the beginning on English colonization
- Elizabeth I
- King who started the Church of England
- Henry VIII (the eighth)
- People who wanted to change the Church of England
- Puritans
- When the colonists declared their independence from Great Britain
- July 4, 1776
- Where the "Shot Heard Round the World" occurred
- Concord
- Washington's sneak attack against the Hessians at Trenton on Christmas Day, 1776
- "Crossing the Delaware"
- Document that stated the reasons for the colonists separation from Great Britain
- Declaration of Independence
- Colonists dressed as Indians to protest high taxes
- Boston Tea Party
- The Continental Army spent the winter of 1777-78 here under extremely harsh conditions.
- Valley Forge
- When the American Revolution began
- April 19, 1775
- Five colonists were killed by British redcoats.
- Boston Massacre
- The battle for control of Boston Harbor
- Bunker Hill
- The main author of the Declaration of Independence
- Thomas Jefferson
- The last major battle of the American Revolution
- Yorktown
- This battle was "The Turning Point" of the American Revolution
- Saratoga
- This man rode to warn of the British attack
- Paul Revere
- The idea that citizens must give their permission to be taxed.
- "No Taxation without representation."
- Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army
- George Washington
- When Christopher Columbus "discovered" America
- October 12, 1492
- Attempted naval invasion of England in 1588.
- Spanish Armada
- One of Christopher Columbus' ships
- Santa Maria
- This man "discovered" America for the third time
- Christopher Columbus
- This man wanted to reform the Catholic church
- Martin Luther
- Attempt to change the Catholic Church.
- Reformation
- A series of religious wars for control of the Holy Land.
- Crusades
- The rule of a country by a king or queen
- Monarchy
- Period of time when the Earth's temperature dropped and the level of the oceans dropped
- Ice Age
- A social system in which one level of society owes something
- Feudalism
- Allowed migration of prehistoric people to North America from Asia
- Land Bridge
- People who wanted to leave the Church of England
- Seperatists
- Dutch settlement, now called New York City
- New Amsterdam
- Where the first shots of the American Revolution took place.
- Lexington
- First Successful English settlement in America.
- Jamestown
- Ship on which the Pilgrims sailed to America.
- Mayflower
- Place where the Pilgrims landed in America.
- Plymouth Rock
- Cash crop the made Virginia successful
- Tobacco
- First document of self-government in America written by the Pilgrims
- Mayflower Compact
- Our first document of government for the United States
- Articles of Confederation
- A loose union of states or nations
- Confederation
- Form of government in which the people rule.
- Democracy
- A union of states with a strong central government
- Federal
- Land north of the Ohio River taken from Great Britain during the American Revolution
- Northwest Territory
- Document that sets the principles and the plans for the government
- Constitution
- Agreement to have a bicameral legislature
- Great Compromise
- Father of the Constitution
- James Madison
- The control of the government is divided among the three branches
- Separation of Power
- Carries out the law
- Executive
- One branch of government has some authority over the others
- Checks and Balances
- Enforces and defines the law
- Judicial
- Law making body
- Legislature
- Power is distributed between national and state governments
- Federalism
- Representatives from each state who selects the president
- Electoral College
- The acceptance of people with different beliefs
- Toleration
- Belief that people have the right to rule themselves
- Popular Sovereignty
- A period of change when machines took over the production of goods
- Industrial Revolution
- Court case that established the Supreme Court's power to declare a law unconstitutional
- Marbury vs. Madison
- The process by the Supreme Court to decide if a law is unconstitutional
- Judicial Review
- Presidential rejection of an act passed by Congress
- Veto
- A government where a small group has the power
- Oligarchy
- The upper house of Congress that consists of 100 members
- Senate
- Uprising of Massachusetts farmers that showed a weakness of the central government
- Shays' Rebellion
- The lower house of Congress that consists of 435 members
- House of Representatives
- The right to know the crime of which you are accused before going on trial.
- Habeus Corpus