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Review Terms 10

Terms

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Viking explorer who "discovered" America
Leif Ericson
Queen at the beginning on English colonization
Elizabeth I
King who started the Church of England
Henry VIII (the eighth)
People who wanted to change the Church of England
Puritans
When the colonists declared their independence from Great Britain
July 4, 1776
Where the "Shot Heard Round the World" occurred
Concord
Washington's sneak attack against the Hessians at Trenton on Christmas Day, 1776
"Crossing the Delaware"
Document that stated the reasons for the colonists separation from Great Britain
Declaration of Independence
Colonists dressed as Indians to protest high taxes
Boston Tea Party
The Continental Army spent the winter of 1777-78 here under extremely harsh conditions.
Valley Forge
When the American Revolution began
April 19, 1775
Five colonists were killed by British redcoats.
Boston Massacre
The battle for control of Boston Harbor
Bunker Hill
The main author of the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
The last major battle of the American Revolution
Yorktown
This battle was "The Turning Point" of the American Revolution
Saratoga
This man rode to warn of the British attack
Paul Revere
The idea that citizens must give their permission to be taxed.
"No Taxation without representation."
Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army
George Washington
When Christopher Columbus "discovered" America
October 12, 1492
Attempted naval invasion of England in 1588.
Spanish Armada
One of Christopher Columbus' ships
Santa Maria
This man "discovered" America for the third time
Christopher Columbus
This man wanted to reform the Catholic church
Martin Luther
Attempt to change the Catholic Church.
Reformation
A series of religious wars for control of the Holy Land.
Crusades
The rule of a country by a king or queen
Monarchy
Period of time when the Earth's temperature dropped and the level of the oceans dropped
Ice Age
A social system in which one level of society owes something
Feudalism
Allowed migration of prehistoric people to North America from Asia
Land Bridge
People who wanted to leave the Church of England
Seperatists
Dutch settlement, now called New York City
New Amsterdam
Where the first shots of the American Revolution took place.
Lexington
First Successful English settlement in America.
Jamestown
Ship on which the Pilgrims sailed to America.
Mayflower
Place where the Pilgrims landed in America.
Plymouth Rock
Cash crop the made Virginia successful
Tobacco
First document of self-government in America written by the Pilgrims
Mayflower Compact
Our first document of government for the United States
Articles of Confederation
A loose union of states or nations
Confederation
Form of government in which the people rule.
Democracy
A union of states with a strong central government
Federal
Land north of the Ohio River taken from Great Britain during the American Revolution
Northwest Territory
Document that sets the principles and the plans for the government
Constitution
Agreement to have a bicameral legislature
Great Compromise
Father of the Constitution
James Madison
The control of the government is divided among the three branches
Separation of Power
Carries out the law
Executive
One branch of government has some authority over the others
Checks and Balances
Enforces and defines the law
Judicial
Law making body
Legislature
Power is distributed between national and state governments
Federalism
Representatives from each state who selects the president
Electoral College
The acceptance of people with different beliefs
Toleration
Belief that people have the right to rule themselves
Popular Sovereignty
A period of change when machines took over the production of goods
Industrial Revolution
Court case that established the Supreme Court's power to declare a law unconstitutional
Marbury vs. Madison
The process by the Supreme Court to decide if a law is unconstitutional
Judicial Review
Presidential rejection of an act passed by Congress
Veto
A government where a small group has the power
Oligarchy
The upper house of Congress that consists of 100 members
Senate
Uprising of Massachusetts farmers that showed a weakness of the central government
Shays' Rebellion
The lower house of Congress that consists of 435 members
House of Representatives
The right to know the crime of which you are accused before going on trial.
Habeus Corpus

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