schlosser vocab ch.5
Terms
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- booker t. washington
- believed that African Americans should accept segregation for the moment and educate themselves so they could be accepted when integration comes
- ellis island
- an island in new york harbor that was an entry point for 12 million immigrants to the US between 1892 and 1954
- jim crow laws
- laws passed in the south to create and enforce segregation in public places
- lynching
- the murder of an individual by a group or mob
- ghost dance
- native american spiritual danced in hopes of restoring former native american ways of life (leave whites!)
- vertical integration
- purchasing all materials needed for production
- laissez-faire
- refers to a system where copanies are allwoed to conduct business without interference by the government
- dawes act
- legislation passed by COngress that split up Indian reservation lans among individual Indians an promised them citizenship
- web dubois
- believed that African Americans should strive for equality and integration immediately
- tammany hall
- most famous political machine in new york; tweed
- push and pull factors
- factors that caused people to leave their homes and attracted them to the west
- andrew carnegie
- philanthropist; head of Carnegie Steel Company; created a steel monopoly
- geronimo
- Apache leader who fled his reservationas and led raids; held as prisoner of war
- reservations
- designated areas in which Indians were forced to occupy
- sand creek massacre
- an attack on a village of sleeping Cheyenne Indians by a regiment of Colorado militiamen on 29 November 1864 that resulted in the death of more than 200 tribal members.
- entrepreneur
- risk taker wo starts new ventures within the economic system of capitalism
- george pullman
- designed sleeper cars and built a city outside of chicago for his workers to live in
- political machine
- like a mofia; unofficial organized political system based on promises and threats
- sherman antitrust act
- made it illegal to form trusts that interfered with free trade (monopolies illegal)
- plessy v. ferguson
- supreme court ruled that seperate but equal did not violate the 14th amendment
- social darwinism
- based on Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection as it applies to society
- populism
- american movement that started wit the the founding of the populist party which worked to improve conditions for farmers and laborers; wanted unlimited coinage of silver
- tenements
- poorly build, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived
- settlement house
- neighborhood center staffed by professionals and volunteers for education, recreations, and social activities in poor areas
- social gospel
- protestant movement applied Christian principles to social problems
- bessemer process
- made steel-making easier
- labor unions
- organized workers aimed to pressure bosses for better pay and working enviornments
- chief joseph
- leader of the nez perce tribe that surrendered to the US army in canada after men in his tribe killed settlers
- capitalism
- economic system in which most businesses are privetaly owned
- corporation
- businesses owned by stock holders
- thomas edison
- outstanding inventor;invented lightbulb
- battle of little big horn
- battle between the US army led by Lieutenant Colenel George Armstrong Custer and Sioux forces lead by Chief Sitting Bull; Sioux slaughtered US army; last victory of the native americans
- sitting bull
- medicine man who led Sioux and Arapaho to battle and victory at battle of little big horn
- gold standard
- __
- wounded knee massacre
- the US army's killing of approximately 150 Soux at Wounded Knee Creek in SOuth Dakota; ended US-Indian wars on the Plains
- chisholm trail
- a trail that ran from San Antonio, Texas to Anilene, Kansas, established by Jesse Chisolm in the late 1860s for cattle drives
- cornelius vanderbilt
- invested in railroads and donated to education
- john d. rockefeller
- philanthropist; head of New York Standard Oil; created an oil monopoly
- homestead movement act
- a law passed by Congress to encouage settlement in the West by giving government-owned land to small farmers
- nativism
- blamed immigrants for poverty, crime, and said they took american jobs
- george armstrong custer
- US army officer who led his troops to be massacred at the battle of little big horn
- gilded age
- 1870-1900 many social, political, and economic changes occured (positive and negative)
- jane addams
- founded the Hull House (settlement house)