Fungi 2
Terms
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- Patient presents with hyperpigmented patches on the skin with light centers. KOH prep reveals hyphae and spherical yeast cells that resemble spaghetti and meatballs. Suspect?
- Malassezia furfur (Pityriasis versicolor)
- Treatment for Malassezia furfur:
- Selenium sulfide containing shampoo, imidazole
- Patient presents with dark black patches on the soles of her hands and feet. KOH prep reveals brown-colored branched septate hyphae and budding yeast cells. Suspect?
- Exophiala werneckii (Tinea nigra)
- Fungi that secrete keratinase:
- Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton floccosum
- Fungi that colonizes rose thorns and commonly infects gardeners with necrotic ulcerating lesions:
- Sporothrix schenckii
- Patient presents two weeks following a puncture wound with an old garden stake when a small, violet, wart-like lesion develops. KOH prep reveals copper-colored cells. Suspect?
- Phialophora verrucosa, Cladosporium carrionii, Fonsecaea spp.
- Common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients from the SW USA; respiratory transmission, KOH (+)
- Coccidioides immitus
- Avid spelunker contracts pneumonia. CXR reveals calcified lesions bilaterally in the lungs. PPD (-). Suspect?
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Patient presents with unexplained weight loss, night sweats, uncalcified lung lesions, and skin ulcers. Sabouraud's agar (+). Suspect?
- Blastomyces dermatitidis
- Man who raises carrier pigeons presents with chronic meningitis, F/N/V, & acne. CSF examination reveals polysaccharide antigens. Suspect?
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Fungi that causes oral thrush; normal inhabitant of the skin, mouth, & GI tract; not normally found in blood.
- Candida albicans
- Patient with no known allergies presents with asthma-type symptoms after eating peanuts, SOB, & fever. Labs reveal high levels of IgE & IgG. CXR = fleeting infiltrates, immediate hypersensitivity reaction. Suspect?
- Aspergillus
- Patient presents with black nasal discharge & mucormycosis. Biopsy reveals broad, non-septated branching hyphae. Suspect?
- Rhizopus, Rhizomucor, or Mucor. Treat immediately with Amphotericin B & surgery