lms science
Terms
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- sorting
- the tendancy for currents of air or water to seperate sediments according to size.
- chemical stabilty
- measure of the tendancy of a chemical compundto maintain its original chemical composition rather then break down to form a different chemical
- intrusize igneous rock
- rock formed from the cooling and solidifacation of magma beneaths earths surface
- rock
- the material that makes up the solid parts of earth
- mafic
- describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color.
- angularity
- as sediment is transported from its source to where it is deposited the particles collide with each other and with other objects in their path.
- partial melting
- as the temp. increases and as other minerals melt, the magmas compostition changes.
- laccolith
- magma flows upward and between rocks, it sometimes pushes the overlying rocks into a dome.
- sill
- lies parallel to the layers of rock that suround it, even if the layers are tilted.
- dikes
- cut across layers rather then lying parallel to the rock layers
- stratification
- layering of sedimentary rock
- batholith
- intrusive forms that spread out over at least 100km when they are expsed at earths surface.
- joints
- massive igneous rock structures commonly have evenly spaced zones of weakness
- crystalline
- made of crystals
- depositoinal enviroment
- the enviroment where sediment is deposited
- gradded bedding
- different sizes and different shapes of sediment settle to different sizes.
- beds
- stratified layers
- compaction
- the process in which the volume and porosity of a sediment is decreased by the weight of overlying sediments as a result of burial beneath other sedimentss
- cross beds
- some sedimentary rocks are characterized by slanting layers
- sedimentary rock
- when sediment deposits are compressed or cemented together and harden.
- extrusive igneous rock
- rock that forms from the cooling and solidifacation of lava at earths surface
- cementation
- the process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form a rock.
- igneous rock
- from fire : forms when magma cools and hardens
- fractional crystallization
- as the temp. decreases, the first minerals to crystallize from magma are minerals that have the highest freezing points. as magma changes composition and cools, minerals that have lower freezing points form.
- reverse grading
- smallest grains on the bottom and largest are top
- massive beds
- beds that have no internal structures
- metamorphism
- the process in which one type of rock changes into metamorphic rock becuase of chemical processes or changes in tempuature and pressure
- metamorphic rock
- the rock that forms when existing rock is altered.
- felsic
- describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in fledspars and silica and that is generally light in color.
- stock
- similar to batholiths but cover less then 100km at the surface.
- magma
- molten rock