Ance to external analgesic
Terms
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- Camphorated metacresol
- A complex of camphor and metacresol combined in a ratio of 3 parts camphor to 1 part metacresol
- Counterirritant
- a topically (externally) applied drug that causes irritation or mild inflammation of the skin for the purpose of relieving pain in muscles, joints, or viscera distal to the site of application by stimulating cutaneous sensory receptors
- Rules of Nines
- Way to tell how much of your body is burned. If >10 - 15 % see MD help
- SPF
- MED(protected skin)/ MED (unprotected skin)
- Padimate-O
- ABA or PABA derivatives; Range mostily UVB; most likely to cause allergic reaction
- Ben-Gay Arthritis Formula
- 30% methyl salicylate, 8% menthol and lanolin
- Bull Frog Mosquito Coast, Off Skintastic, Deepwoods Off, Cutter Skinsations
- combo of sunscreen and insect repellants; FDA concern about labeling
- Banana Boat VitaSkin
- avobenzone NDA approved mostly UVA (long UVA)
- ThermaCare
- a disposable heat wrap. Heat produces within 20 minutes that lasts up to 8 hrs
- Warnings for counterirritants
- 1. Avoid contact with the eyes 2. If condition worsens, or symptoms > 7 days or clear up then come back, DC and consult a MD 3. Do not apply to wounds or damaged skin 4. Do not bandage tightly 5. Do not apply over large areas of body 6. Don't apply heat because will cause 3rd degree burns
- Antipruritic
- a topically (externally) applied drug that relieves itching by depressing cutaneous sensory receptors
- Clearasil Daily Face Wash, Clearasil Antibacterial Cleansing Soap, Stri-Dex Foaming Wash
- Triclosan (antimicrobial agent)
- Ben-Gay Original
- 18% methyl salicylate, 16% menthol and lanolin
- External analgesic
- a topically (externally) applied drug that has a topical analgesic, anesthetic, or antipruritic effect by depressing cutaneous sensor receptors or that has a topical counterirritant effect by stimulating cutaneous sensory receptors
- Whitehead
- a condition of the skin (a closed comedo) that occurs in acne and is characterized by a small, firm, whitish elevation of the skin
- Acne pimple
- a small, prominent, inflamed elevation of the skin resulting from acne
- Cosmetic skin bronzers
- these products provide no protection against the sun but give the skin the appearance of a sun tan
- Directions for use of sunscreens
- Apply 30 minutes before exposure and repeat every 2 hours. Apply more frequently to lips. Water resistant washes off in 40 minutes. Very water resistant washes off in 80 min
- Homosalate and Trolamine
- salicylates
- Very high SPF
- 12 to < 20 for skin type II; limited to no tanning
- Capsaicin, Zostrix, Capzasin, Capzasin-P, Zostrix-HP, Zostrix Sports
- irritants that do NOT produce redness
- Acne
- a disease involving the oil glands (sebaceous) and hair follicles. Propionibacterium may be involved but not a cause
- Minimal SPF
- 2 to < 4 for skin type V; permits tanning
- Salanpass Analgesic patch
- 10% menthol salicylate, 3% 1-menthol
- Phototoxic drugs
- exaggerated erythema, blistering when the offending agent is present from exposure to UVA
- Moderate SPF
- 4 to < 8 for skin type IV; limited tanning
- Beta carotene and Canthaxanthin
- oral tanning products
- Monograph ingredients for acne
- 1. Resorcinol with sulfur 2. Salicylic Acid 3. Sulfur 3 to 10% 4. Sulfur and Salicylic Acid 5. Benzoyl peroxide
- MOA of Capsicum
- continued application depletes substance P, thus reducing pain
- Ultra high SPF
- 20 to 30 for skin type 1; no tanning
- Photoallergens
- an immune response when the offending agent is present from exposure to UVA; hapten reacts with skin protein to form complete antigen
- Oral tanning products
- FDA approved food colors that deposit in fatty tissue in the skin and produce color in the skin. This is illegal in the US
- Self-tanning products
- cosmetics that cause a chemical reaction and stain the color of the skin; no sun protection
- Suncreen Active Ingredients
- An active ingredient must absorb at least 85 % of the UV range between 290-320 nanometers, but may or may not transmit wavelengths > 320 nm
- Lawsone
- cosmetic skin bronzer derived from henna
- Icy Hot Cream
- 30% methyl salicylate, 10% menthol and trolamine
- Treatment of burns (if self treatable)
- 1. Local anesthetics 2. oral analgesics 3. topical antimicrobial 4. skin protectants 5. hydrocortisone? because increased systemic absorption
- Wonder Ice, Therapeutic Mineral ice, Ben Gay Patch, Tiger Balm
- menthol- irritants that produce cooling sensation
- Dihydroxyacetone (DHA)
- self-tanning product
- Causes of burns
- Thermal (self treatable), Sunburn (self treatable), Chemical, and Electrical
- Common phototoxic drugs
- Sulfonylureas, Thiazides, Teteracyclines, Coal tar, Retinoids, St. John's Wort
- Persa Gel 10%, PanOxyl products, Neutrogena Acne (only 2.5%)
- benoyl peroxide
- Methyl nicotinate
- irritants that produce vasodilation
- Esoterica Products, Porcelana Products and Fade Milk
- hydroquinone (1.5 - 2%) Do not use in children < 12
- Cinnamates
- Range mostly UVB, very slight UVA (methoxycinnamate, octyl methoxycinnamate- octinoxate)
- Flexall 454 Gel
- primarily menthol
- Common photoallergens
- Sulonamides, Sulfonylureas, Thiazides, Fragrances 6-methyl-coumarin, bergamot oil
- Clearasil Tinted Adult Care
- resorcinol with sulfur
- High SPF
- 8 to <12 for skin type III; limited tanning
- Depth classification of burns
- first degree-epidermis only (self treatable), second degree-epidermis and dermis (self treatable if minor)
- Salicylates for Suncreen
- Range mostly UVB but only 1/3 absorbency as PABA
- Benzophenones
- range mostly UVB but some UVA
- Hydroquinone
- monograph ingredient to lighten sun induced freckles, and age related liver spots (lentigines)
- Clearsil and Most-Stri-Dex
- salicylic acid (keratolytic)
- Anthelios SX
- ecamsule, avobenzone, octocrylene SPF 15 (short & long UVA + UVB)
- Rosacea
- condition where vasodilation of small blood vessels in skin on face (nose, cheeks, chin, forehead) become prominent producing redness and uneven skin. No OTC treatment
- Zinc oxide
- physical blocking protectant; not classified as sunscreen
- Causes of hyperpigmentation
- Addison's Disease, Cushing's disease, Hyperthyroidism, Pregnancy (mask of pregnancy, melasma), OCs
- Glucosamine sulfate, Chondroitin sulfate
- natural products for arthritis
- Blackhead
- a condition of the skin (an open comedo) that occurs in acne and is characterized by a black tip, Color due to presence of melanin, not poor hygiene
- Pernox Scrub Cleanser
- Sulfur and Salicylic Acid (keratolytic)
- Titanium dioxide
- this agent reflects rather than absorbs UV light
- Clean & Clear Advantage Invisible acne patch
- 2 % salicylic acid + chitosan PCA
- MexorylSX
- ecamsule- good against UVA short wave
- Suncreen Opaque Ingredient
- an active ingredient must reflect or scatter all light in the UV and visible range of 290-777 nm; thereby preventing or minimizing suntan and sunburn
- Note on benoxyl peroxide
- has drying properties and is effective against Propionibacterium acnes which thrives on lipid rich sebum. Avoid sun exposure. Will cause bleaching of colored materials
- Acne blemish
- a flaw in the skin resulting from acne
- Analgesic, anesthetic
- a topically (externally) applied drug that relieves pain by depressing cutaneous sensory receptors
- Aspercreme, Myoflex cream
- trolamine salicylate (category III ingredient)