Chapter 14 terms and questions
Terms
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- earths magnetic field
- has reversed itself many times
- earths crust
- thinnest under the oceans
- fossils
- found in shale
- foliated rock
- slate
- ferromagnesian minerals
- rocks of the mantle consists of
- weathering
- the gradual disintegration of exposed rocks
- batholith
- large body of intrusive rock
- silicon
- the second most abundant element on earth
- plutons
- formed by the solidification of magma under the surface
- erosion
- process were rocks are worn down and the debris carried away
- groundwater
- subsurface liquid
- oxygen and silicon
- most abundant elements on earths crust
- lithification
- gradual hardening of rocks
- shale
- can convert metamorphically into gniess
- glaciers
- rivers and seas of ice formed formed from accumulated snow
- limestone
- can convert metamorphically into marble
- metamorphic rocks
- form by altering heat and pressure beneath earths surface
- radius of earth core
- 1/2 of earths radius
- ferromagnessian materials
- usually green or black
- running water
- causes erosion
- quartz
- most abundant mineral on earth
- fine grain structure
- characteristic of rocks of volcanic origin
- surface waves
- are sent by earthquakes through the surface of the earth
- minerals
- substances of which rocks are composed
- igneous rocks
- form by cooling of molten state
- limestone
- rock readily attacked by chemical weathering
- rayleigh wave
- surface wave that is rotary
- calcite
- is not a silicate
- foliation
- arrangement of grain or minerals in parallel form
- earthquakes
- caused by shifts of earthal crust
- mica
- not found in marble
- igneous rocks
- cool from a molten state
- core
- consist of molten iron with a small solid inner core
- earthquakes
- sudden movement of solid rock along fracture surface called faults
- s wave
- body wave that is transversal
- soil
- consists of rock fragments mixed with varying amounts of organic material
- love wave
- surface wave that is transversal
- magma
- molten rock underground
- surface waves
- are sent by earthquakes through the interior of the earth
- crust
- outer shell of the earth
- mantle
- part of the earth with greatest volume
- minerals
- homogenous solids of which rocks are composed
- radioactive materials
- most of the heat in earths interior is caused by
- silicate
- most abundant mineral
- volcano
- an opening in the earths crust through which molten rock comes out
- mica
- cleavage occurs alot in the mineral
- the majority of surface rocks are
- sedimentary rocks
- p waves
- body wave that is longitudal
- silicates
- consist of continuous structures of oxygen and silicon ions
- metamorphic rocks
- altered by heat and pressure of the earths surface
- sedimentary rocks
- consolidate from materials from the disenagration or solution of other rocks.
- oxygen
- the most abundant element on earth's crust
- silicon dioxide (sio2)
- quartz
- lava
- molten rock above ground