Science Chapter 2
Terms
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- Thermal energy
- the total energy of motion in the molecules of a substance
- Wind-chill factor
- the increased cooling that a wind can cause
- Evaporation
- the process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor
- monsoons
- sea and land breezes over a large region that change directions with the seasons
- Thermometer
- - a thin glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains a liquid, usually mercury or colored alcohol.
- Jet Streams
- bands of high speed winds
- Electromagnetic Waves
- form of energy that can travel through space
- Greenhouse Effect
- the process by which gases hold heat in the air
- Radiation
- the direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
- Rain Gauge
- an open-ended can or tube that collects rain fall
- Temperature
- the average amount of energy of motion of a substance
- Humidity
- a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air
- Wind
- the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure
- Global Winds
- winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances
- Relative Humidity
- the percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount the air could hold
- Sea Breeze
- a wind that blows from an ocean or lake onto land
- Stratus
- clouds that form in flat layers
- Heat
- the energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one
- Coriolis Effect
- the way Earth's rotation makes wind curve
- Land Breeze
- the flow of air from land to a body of water
- Pecipitation
- any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface
- Ultraviolet radiation
- wavelengths that are shorter than violet light
- Infrared radiation
- a form of energy with wavelengthsthat are longer than red light
- Cirrus
- wispy, feathery clouds
- Dew Point
- the temperature at which condensation begins
- Conduction
- the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that is touching
- Convection
- the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that is touching
- Local winds
- winds that blow over short distances
- Psychrometer
- has two thermometers, a wet bulb thermometer and a dry bulb thermometer
- Cumulus
- clouds that look like fluffy, rounded piles of cotton
- Condensation
- the process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid water
- Drought
- long periods of unusually low precipitation
- Anemometer
- an instrument used to measure wind speed
- Latitude
- the distance from the equator, measured in degrees