Chs. 10-11 vocabulary
Terms
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- geode
- a hollow rock inside which mineral crystals have grown
- Mohs hardness scale
- a scale ranking ten minerals from softest to hardest
- crystallization
- The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure
- basalt
- a dark, dence, igneous rock with a fine texture; found in oceanic crust
- streak
- the color of a minerals powder
- extrusive rock
- Igneous rock that forms from lava on earths surface.
- organic rock
- sedementary rock that forms form remains of organisms deposited in thick layers
- cementation
- The process by which dissolved minerals crystalize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass.
- coral reef
- A structure of calcite skeletons built up by coral animals in warm, shallow ocean water.
- chemical rock
- sedementary rock that forms when minerals crstallize form a solution
- luster
- the way a mineral reflects light from its surface
- inorganic
- cannot come from a matirial that was once living
- gemstone
- a hard, colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster
- rock-forming minerals
- one of the common minerals that make up most of the rocks of Earth's crust
- alloy
- A mixure of 2 or more elements, one of which is a metal
- metamorphic rock
- A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or, chemical reactions.
- mineral
- a naturally occuring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical compostion
- vein
- a narrow deposit of a mineral that is sharply different from the surrouding rock
- sedimentary rock
- A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented togehter
- sediment
- Small, solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or organisms.
- compaction
- The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight.
- igneous rock
- A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.
- intrusive rock
- Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface.
- clastic rock
- Sedimentry rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure.
- erosion
- the process by which water, wind, ice, and gravity moves weathered rock or soil
- foliated
- Term used to describe metamorphic rocks whose grains are arranged in parallel layers or bands.
- crystal
- a solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again
- fracture
- the way a mineral looks when it breaks apart
- cleavage
- a minerals ability to split easily along a flat surface
- deposition
- The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it.
- grains
- Particles of minerals and other rocks that make up a rock.
- granite
- a usually light-colored igneous rock that is found in continental crusts
- texture
- The look and feel of a rock's surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock's grain