Science
Chapter 9
Terms
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- calorimeter
- device that measures heat
- exhaust stroke
- crankshaft turns, and the piston is forced back up pushing exhaust gas out of the cylinder
- thermal insulator
- a material that prevents or reduces the transfer of heat.
- thermal pollution
- The excessive heating of a body of water
- compression stroke
- the crankshaft turns and pushes the piston up, compressing the fuel mixture
- chemical changes
- changes occur when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
- greenhouse gases
- Carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, and CFC's
- temperature
- The measure of the average kinetic energy particles in an object
- intake stroke
- a mixture of gasoline and air enters a cylinder as the piston moves down
- thermal conductor
- a material through which energy can be transformed into heat
- greenhouse effect
- the trapping of heat by the atmosphere (too much carbon dioxide) which will raise the temperature of the planet
- thermal conductivity
- is the rate at which a substance transfers thermal energy
- compressor
- a mechanical device that compresses gasses
- convection
- the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas
- thermal conduction
- the transfer of thermal energy from on substance to another in direct contact.
- expansion joints
- small gaps
- change of state
- a physical change of a substance from one state to another
- specific heat
- the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substnace by one kelvin
- thermal energy
- The total kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance
- refrigerant
- a substance used to provide cooling (as in a refrigerator)
- external combustion engines
- An engine powered by fuel burned outside the engine.
- insulation
- a material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity
- thermal conductivity
- is the rate at which a substance transfers thermal energy
- combustion
- the process of burning a fuel to produce thermal energy
- calorie
- the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 1 degree C'
- radiation
- the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
- bimetallic strip
- a strip made of two different metals that expand at different rates
- active solar heating system
- has moving parts
- power stroke
- spark plug uses electrical energy to ignite the compressed mixture
- heat engine
- A machine that uses heat to do the work
- thermal expansion
- The increase in volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature
- heat
- The transfer of energy between objects that are different temperatures
- convection current
- The movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperatures, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
- absolute zero
- The lowest temperature on the Kelvin scale
- states of matter
- forms of matter such as solids, liquids, gases
- internal combustion engines
- An engine that burns fuel inside cylinders within the engine.
- passive solar heating system
- parts doesn't move