Science Vocabulary
Chapter 6 science test
Terms
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- Mafic
- describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color.
- Sediment
- Rocks, mineral crystals, and organic matter that have been broken into fragments.
- Rock
- the material that makes up the solid parts of Earth.
- extrusive igneous rock
- rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at Earth's surface.
- nonfoliated
- the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands.
- Bowen's reaction series
- the simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma according to their chemical composition and melting point.
- Felsic
- describes magma igneous rock that is rich in feldspar's and silica and that is generally light in color.
- Cementation
- the process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock.
- clastic sedimentary rock
- sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together.
- foliation
- the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands.
- Magma
- molten rock
- Metamorphism
- the process in which one type of rock changes into metamorphic rock because of chemical processes or changes in temperature and pressure.
- Contact Metamorphism
- a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to the contact with magma.
- Compaction
- the process in which the volume and porosity of a sediment is decreased by the weight of overlying sediments as a result of burial beneath other sediments.
- chemical sedimentary rock
- sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle fro ma suspension.
- Intrusive Igneous Rock
- rock formed form the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth's surface.
- Sedimentary Rock
- when sediment is carried away and deposits or compressed or cemented together and harden.
- Regional Metamorphism
- a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to the changes in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces.
- Rock Cycle
- the series of processes in which rock forms, changes form one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes.
- Metamorphic rock
- the rock that forms when existing rock is formed.
- Igneous Rock
- rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies.