Science Vocabulary
Terms
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- nonfoliated
- that do not have bands or aligned minerals
- cementation
- the process in which sediments are glued together by minerals and are deposited by water
- clastic sedimentary rock
- forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together
- felsic
- describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspars and silica and that is generally light in color
- rock cycle
- the series of processes in which rock forms
- regional metamorphism
- the type of metamorphism that occurs over a large area
- intrusive igneous rock
- rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the earth's surface
- extrusive igneous rock
- rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at the earth's surface
- mafic
- describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color
- igneous rock
- rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies
- metamorphism
- the process in which one type of rock changes into metamorphic rock because of chemical processes or changes in temperature and pressure
- Bowen's reaction series
- the simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma according to their chemical composition and melting point
- chemical sedimentary rock
- forms from minerals that were once dissolved by water
- foliation
- the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands
- organic sedimentary rock
- forms from the remains of living things
- contact metamorphism
- a change in texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to contact with magma
- compaction
- the process in which sediment is squeezed and in which the size of the pore space between sediment grains is reduced by the weight and pressure of overlying layers