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Science Energy

Terms

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condensation
process by whihc molecules of water vapor become liquid
cumulus
clouds that look like fluffy, rounded piles of cotton
land breeze
flow of air from land to a body of water
thermal energy
total energy of motion in the partcles of a substance
wind vane
measures wind direction
psychrometer
instrument with two thermometers, a wet-bulb thermometer and a dry-bulb thermometer
convection
transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid
visible light
mixture of all colors of the rainbow
infrared radiation
It has wavelengths longer than those of red light
frost
ice that has been deposited on a surface with a temperature that is below freezing
Global winds
winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances
radiation
Direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
ultraviolet radiation
It has wavelengths shorter than those of violet light
temperature
average amount of energy of motion in the particles of a substance
anemometer
measures wind speed
thermometer
thin glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains a liquid, usually mercury or colored alcohol
latitude
distance from the equator, measured in degrees
wind
horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure
local winds
winds that blow over shore distances
jet stream
bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above the Earth's surface
wind chill
increased cooling that a wind can cause
Green house effect
process which gases hold heat in the air
heat
energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one
Coriolis effect
the way the earth's rotation makes winds curve is called the prevailing westerlies
dew point
temperature at which condensation begins
scattering
reflection of light in all directions
evaporation
the process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor
conduction
direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that is touching
humidity
measure of water vapor in the air
dew
water that condenses from the air onto a cooler surface
sea breeze
the flow of air from an ocean or lake to the land

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