Science Vocab
Terms
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- rock cycle
- the series of processes in which the rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes
- mafic
- describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color
- igneous rock
- rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies
- clastic sedimentary rock
- sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together
- nonfoliated
- the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands
- regional metamorphism
- a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to changes in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces
- foliation
- the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes and bands
- cementation
- the process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock
- Bowen's reaction series
- the simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma according to their chemical composition and melting point
- extrusive igneous rock
- rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at earth's surface
- intrusive igneous rock
- rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath earth's surface
- chemical sedimentary rock
- sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle from a suspension
- contact metamorphism
- a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to contact with magma
- compaction
- the process in which the volume and porosity of a sediment is decreased by the weight of overlying sediments as a result of burial beneath other sediments
- metamorphism
- the process in which one type of rock changes into metamorphic rock because of chemical processes or changes in temperature and pressure
- organic sedimentary rock
- sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants and animals
- felsic
- describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspar and silica and that is generally light in color