Ground Water
Terms
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- Aquifer
- a geologic unit saturated with water, through which water can readily move.
- DARCY's LAW (Q =KIA)
- Discharge = (conductivity)(Hydraulic gradient)(cross-sectional Area)
- Phreatic zone
- groundwater in Saturated zone
- (Confined) Aquifer
- enclosed above and below by strata that do not allow water to pass
- hard water
- lots of calcium
- Ogallala Aquifer
- corn, wheat, alfalfa grow. if irrigation continues, aquifer will be destroyed i n10 yrs.
- soft water
- less than 60 mg/1 dissolves salts
- Restrictions of groundwater
- friction, adhesion to mineral surfaces, porosity, permeability
- NITRATE
- most common contaminant of GW
- 46%
- Groundwater that is actually usable
- Gravity
- Pulls water into the ground
- Water Table
- surface water, lakes, streams, etc. Coincides w/ topography of land.
- Permeable
- Saturated
- Cone of depression
- sink a well into the groundwater system, and we remove water at a rate such that the groundwater table in the local region sinks
- Nado zone
- groundwater in Unsaturated zone
- Porous
- Unsaturated
- Caliche
- (OG Aquifer) Calcium Carbonate = Limestone layer
- Radon
- radioactive, insoluble gas (found in VA, second leading cause of lung cancer)
- SALT
- second most common contaminant
- Groundwater (IPOR)
- water that INFILTRATES into the ground, PERCOLATES into geologic material, and moves back into the OCEAN
- V = K ((h1- h2)/ L)
- Velocity = (conductivity)(
- (Unconfined) Aquifer
- open at the top
- Recharge
- determined by fluctuation of water table due to climate change.