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Science 40 vocab

Terms

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Food Web (Food Cycle
the interconnected feeding relation ships in a food chain found in a particular place and time
Element
a subatance that cannot be reduced to a simpler substance by chemical means
Heat
a form of energy resulting from the tempature diffrence between a system and its surroundings
Carnivore
an animal or plant that consumes or abtains nutrients from animals
Fossil
a whole or part of a plant or animal that has been preserved in sedimentary rock
Energy Transfer
a change of energy from one form to another (E.G. mechanical to electrical, solar to electrial)
Force
a quality that tends to produce movement or acceleration of a body in the direction of its application, a push or pull
Ecosystem
an intergrated unit of a biological community, its physical enverionmental,and interactions
Gas
one of the fundemental sttes of matter in which the molecules do not have a fixed volume or shape
Decomposer
and organism that feeds or obtains nutrients by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms
Herbivore
an animal that feeds on plants
Evaporation
the process by which a liquid is converted to its vapor phase by heating the liquid
Condensation
the process of changing from a gas (I.E., water vapor) to a liquid (I.E., dew); the act of making more dense or compact
Gravity
the observed effect of the force of gravitation
Community
all the population of organisms belonging to diffrent species and sharing the same geographical area
Constellation
a star pattern identified and named as a definite group; usually thought of as forming certian shapes or figures in a specific
Earthquake
the shaking of the ground caused by a sudden release of energy in Earth's crust
Density
concentration of matter of an object
Atom
the smallest unit of a chemical element that can still retain properties of that element
Change of State
a physical change that occurs when matter changes to another state. (I.E.liquid, gas, or solid)
Consumer
an organism that feeds on other organisms for food
Food Chain
transfer of energy through various stages as a result of feeding patterns of a series od organisms
Erosion
the wearing away of Earth's surface by the breakdown and transportation of rock and soil
Compound
a subatance made up of a combiantion of two or mare elements held togehter by chemical bonds that cannot be seperated by physical means; has properties unlike those of the elements that make up the compound
Consercation
controlled use and/or maintenance of natural resources; various efforts to preserve or protect natural resources
Atmosphere
the layers of gas that surrounded Earth, other planets, or stars
Chemical Change
a reaction or a change in a substance produced by chemical means that results in proudcing a diffrent chemical
Environment
the sum of conditions affecting an organism, including all living and non-living things in an area such as plants, animals, water, soil, weather, landforms, and air
Friction
a force that opposes the relative motion of two materials surfaces in contact with one another
Gravitation
a force of attraction between two masses
Galaxy
a large collection of stars, gasses, and dust that are part of the universe (E.G the Milky Way galaxy) bound together by gravational forces
Fulcrum
the pivot point of a lever
Equator
and imagionary circle around Earth's surface located between the poles and plane perpendicular to its axis of rotation that divides it in to the Northern and SOuthern hemispheres
Axis
the imaginary line on which Earth rotates, runs thriugh the North and South Poles
Deposition
layering matter in a natural process
Experiment
a procedure that is carried out and repeated under controlled conditions in order to discover, demonstrate, or test a hypothesis; includes all components of the scientific method
Energy
a quanitity that describes the capacity to do work, a source of usuable power
Adaption
a characteristic of an organism that increases its chance of surival in its enviroment
Energy Pyramid
a pyramidal diagram that compares the amount of energy avaible at each position, or level, in the feeding order
Habitat
a place in a ecosystem where an organism normally lives

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