100 Word Vocabulary
100 word vocabulary test for the social studies classes at Wawasee
Terms
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- Nationalism
- the unique cultural identity of a place based on common language, religion, & national symbols
- bilingualism
- the practice of teaching immigrant students their own language
- Feudalism
- a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service
- Consumer Price Index
- statistic that measures overall change in price or inflation over time
- Capitalism
- economic system in which private citizens own and use the factors of production in order to generate profits
- Constituent
- a person whom a member of Congress has been elected to represent
- Socialism
- a system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production
- Inflation
- a rise in the general level of prices
- Incumbent
- elected official that is already in office
- Federalism
- a system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
- Renaissance
- a period in European history of the rebirth of learning based on the knowledge of ancient Roman and Greek learning; mainly in art, philosophy, invention, exploration & religious reform
- Secular
- a viewpoint void of religious thought or considerations
- Terrorism
- the use of violence by non-government groups against civilians to achieve a political goal by instilling fear and frightening governments into changing policies
- Trade-Off
- alternatives that must be given up when one is chosen over another
- Caste System
- a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society
- Autonomous
- self-governing
- Deregulation
- relaxation of government regulation on industry
- Hieroglyphics
- a sophisticated system of writing based on pictures
- Totalitarian
- a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens
- Sovereignty
- the supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries
- containment
- the policy designed to keep the Soviet Union from expanding its power
- Aristocracy
- an upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another
- Detente
- relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals the Soviet Union and China
- Elasticity
- a measure of responsiveness that tells us how a dependent variable such as quantity responds to an independent variable such as price
- Patronage
- the practice of granting favors to reward party loyalty
- Judicial Review
- the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional
- Multinational Corporation
- large corporation with overseas investments
- Lobbying
- direct contact made by an interest group representative in order to persuade government officials to support the policies their interest group favors
- Internationalism
- a national policy of actively trading with foreign countries to foster peace and prosperity
- Depression
- a state of the economy with large numbers of unemployment, supply shortages, and excess capacity in manufacturing plants
- Reparation
- payment made to the victor by the vanquished to cover the costs of a war
- brinkmanship
- the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down
- Jurisdiction
- the authority, power, or right of a court to interpret or apply the law on certain cases
- Social Contract
- the idea that an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will
- Self-Determination
- belief that people in a territory should have the ability to choose their own government
- Gross Domestic Product
- the dollar amount of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a year
- Isolationism
- the avoidance of involvement in world affairs
- Divine Rights of Kings
- the idea that kinds receive their power from God and are responsible only to God
- conservative
- a person who believes government power, particularly in the economy, should be limited in order to maximize individual freedom
- Crusades
- a series of military expeditions by Christian Europe to regain the Holy Land from the Muslims
- Democracy
- a general description of a government in which the people rule
- Nuclear Proliferation
- the spread of nuclear weapons to new nations
- Fascism
- a political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and has no tolerance for opposition
- Middle Passage
- the middle portion of the triangular trade that brought African slaves to the Americas
- Hellenistic
- pertaining to Greek language and culture
- Supply
- the amount of a product that would be offered for sale at all possible prices that could prevail in the market
- Interest Group
- a group of people with common goals who organize to influence government
- Hersey
- thoughts and ideas that are contrary to the teachings of the Christian faith
- Liquidity
- ability to converted an asset into cash quickly
- Tariff
- a tax on an imported product
- Money
- any substance that serves as a medium of exchange, a measure of value, and a store of value
- Nullification
- the failure or refusal of a U.S. state to aid in the enforcement of federal laws within its state limites
- Subversion
- a systematic attempt to overthrow a government by using persons working secretly from within
- Unemployed
- people available for work who made a specific effort to find a job during the past month and who,during the most recent survey week, worked less than one hour for pay
- Dictator
- an absolute ruler
- Nomad
- people who move from place to place following animals migrations and vegetation cycles
- Repulic
- a specific description of a government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote & is exercised by elected officers & representatives responsible to them
- Euro
- the basic currency shared by the countries of the European Union since 1999
- Corporation
- an organization that is authorized by law to carry on an activity but treated as though it were a single person
- Magna Carta
- a written code that limited power of the English monarchy for the first time; also called the Great Charter
- Propaganda
- ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause
- Ethnic Cleansing
- the expulsion, imprisonment, or killing of ethnic minorities by a dominant majority group
- Liberal
- a person who generally believes the government should take an active role in the economy and in social programs but that the government should not dictate social behavior
- Flexible Response
- the buildup of conventional troops and weapons to allow a nation to fight a limited war without using nuclear weapons
- Dynasty
- a family line of rulers who's right to rule is passed on within the family
- Insurrection
- an act of rebellion against the established government
- Standard of Living
- the quality of life based on the possession of necessities and luxuries that make life easier
- Imperialism
- the actions used by one nation to exercise political or economic control over smaller or weaker nation
- Ideology
- a set of basic beliefs about life, culture, government, and society
- amnesty
- the act of granting pardon to a large group of people
- Rural
- of or relating to people who live in the country
- Dissident
- a person who speaks out against the regime in power
- Consumer Sovereignty
- the concept that the consumer is the ruler of the market
- Bureaucracy
- government administrators
- Due Process of Law
- principle in the 5th Amendment stating that the government must follow proper constitutional procedures in trials and in other actions it takes against individuals
- confederacy
- a loose union of independent state; name of government used by the southern states that seceded during the Civil War
- Natural Rights
- the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, & property
- Diplomacy
- the art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations without arousing hostility
- Concentration Camp
- a camp where prisoners of war, political prisoners, or members of minority groups are confined, typically under harsh conditions
- Suffrage
- the right to vote
- Naturalization
- the legal process by which a person is granted citizenship
- Appeasement
- satisfying the demands of dissatisfied powers in an effort to main peace and stability
- Impeachment
- a formal accusation of misconduct in office against a public official
- Politics
- the effort to control or influence the conduct and policies of government
- Conquistador
- a Spanish conqueror of the Americas
- Marginal Utility
- the extra usefulness gained from consuming one more unit of a product
- State-Sponsored Terrorism
- violent acts against civilians that are secretly supported by a government in order to attack other nations without going to war
- Urban
- of or located in the city
- Civil Society
- a complex network of voluntary associations, economic groups, religious organizations,& many other kinds of groups that exist independently from the government
- Government
- the institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions on citizens
- communism
- an economic system in which the central government directs all major economic decisions
- Political Party
- a group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates for office, win elections, conduct government, & determine public policy
- Federal Reserve System
- privately owned, publicly controlled, central bank of the United States
- Segregation
- the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group
- Scarcity
- the condition that results from limited resources combined with unlimited wants
- Political Machine
- an organization linked to a political party that often controlled local government
- Minimum Wage
- the lowest legal wage that can be paid to most workers
- Downsizing
- reducing a company in size by laying off workers and managers to become more efficient
- Disarmament
- a limit or reduction in armed forces or weapons