Biology Final
Terms
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- weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH
- Buffer
- diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome
- Gene map
- organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compunds; also called a producer
- Autotroph
- change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
- Mutation
- group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single original cell
- Cell Culture
- process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
- Diffusion
- structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis
- Tetrad
- internal membrane system in cells in which components of the cell membrane are a ssembled and some proteins are modified
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
- Vacuole
- possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question
- Hypothesis
- set of photographs of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs
- Karyotype
- principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms; captures light energy
- Chlorophyll
- one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
- Centriole
- area where the chromatids of a chromsome are attached
- Centromere
- substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution
- Solute
- substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution
- Solvent
- globular protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin
- Histone
- autosomal chromosome; chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
- Autosome
- organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer
- Heterotroph
- set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes
- Metabolism