Chapters 35-42
Terms
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- Supreme Law
- A rule that if the state and central government have laws that go against each other, the central government's ruling overrules the state's. (sig.) It prevents the central and state government from arguing about who is right if they have a law that collides with another.
- Framers
- group of delegates who attended the Philadelphia Convention
- Anit-federalist
- An opponent of the ratification of the U.S. Constitution
- Robert Morris
- leader of the American Revolution who signed the Declaration of Independence and raised money for the Continental Army (1734-1806)
- New Jersey Plan
- Opposite of the Virginia Plan, it proposed a single-chamber congress in which each state had one vote. This created a conflict with representation between bigger states, who wanted control befitting their population, and smaller states, who didn't want to be bullied by larger states.
- Bill of Rights
- a formal statement of the fundamental rights of the people of the United States, incorporated in the Constitution as Amendments 1-10, and in all state constitutions.
- Costitutional Convention
- the meeting that decide what should be in the constitution
- Ratify/Ratification
- ratify-to confirm by expressing consent, approval, or formal sanction; ratification-the process through which a proposal is formally approved and adopted by vote
- James madison
- The fourth President of the United States (1809-1817). A member of the Continental Congress (1780-1783) and the Constitutional Convention (1787), he strongly supported ratification of the Constitution and was a contributor to The Federalist Papers (1787-1788), which argued the effectiveness of the proposed constitution. His presidency was marked by the War of 1812.
- Republic
- a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
- Amendments
- changes in, or additions to the U.S. Constitution
- Confederation
- the act of confederating. the state of being confederated,a league or alliance,and a group of confederates, esp. of states more or less permanently united for common purposes.
- Three-fifths Compromise
- was a compromise between southern and northern states
- Federation
- the act of federating or uniting in a league,the formation of a political unity, with a central government, by a number of separate states, each of which retains control of its own internal affairs, a federated body formed by a number of nations, states, societies, unions, etc., each retaining control of its own internal affairs. a federated body formed by a number of nations, states, societies, unions, etc., each retaining control of its own internal affairs.
- Checks and Balances
- a system of constitutional government which guards against absolute power by providing for separate executive, judicial, and legislative bodies who share powers and thereby check and balance one another
- Ben Franklin
- signed Declaration of Independence; inventor;, A delegate from Pennsylvania and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen colonies.
- Virginia Plan
- Virginia delegate James Madison's plan of government, in which states got a number of representatives in Congress based on their population
- Connecticut Plan
- Proposed by Roger Sherman of Connecticut that said one house of the legislature should reflect the state's population. It was called the House of Representatives and one house should have an equal number of representatives from each state, called the Senate. Also called the Great Compromise (sig.) This solution meant that there would be a constitution.
- Federalism
- a system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
- Roger Sherman
- American Revolutionary leader and signer of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution (1721-1793)
- James wilson
- American Revolutionary patriot and jurist. A signer of the Declaration of Independence, he later served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1789-1798).
- John Rutledge
- American politician and jurist. Governor of South Carolina (1779-1782) and a delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention, he advocated slavery and a strong central government. He also served as an associate justice (1789-1791) and the chief justice (1795) of the U.S. Supreme Court.
- Alexander Hamilton
- Delegate to the Constitutional Convention and leader of the Federalists; first secretary of the treasury.
- Federal
- characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities
- Great Compromise
- Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house
- Preamble
- the introductory statement of the U.S. Constitution, setting forth the general principles of American government and beginning with the words, "We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union. ..."