Pols 137
Terms
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- Define Federalism
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A system of govt in which powers are divided between a central (Natl) govt and regional (state) govts.
Executive, Legislative, Judicial - Define Power
- Ability of 1 person to get another to do what he wants.
- Name 3 ways to exert Power
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1. Coercion - force
2. Persuasion - convince
3. Construction of Incentives - where 2 of the 3 choices are bad and you must pick the 3rd regardless - Name the 2 types of Power
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1. Manifest - obvious
2. Implicid - not as obvious (understood) - Define Political Indoctrination
- The system must be taught so it can be passed on to the next generation or it dies.
- Define Capacity
- The ability to do things or get things done.
- Name the 3 forms of Govt
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1. Federalism
2. Unitary
3. Confederate - Define Unitary govt
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**One in which all authority is derived from a central authority.
Power flows down (Natl to State to People)
It's efficient - it works.
This was the first form of govt of the colonies from England. - Define Confederate govt
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**A league of sovereign states in which a limited central govt exercises few independent powers.
Power flows up. State/Local flows up to Natl.
Very inefficent form of govt.
1st form of govt of US - What was the 1st written form of govt?
- Articles of Confederation
- Name 4 types of Federalism
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1. Nation-centered
2. State-centered
3. Tenth Amendment
4. Compact theory - Define nation-centered federalism
- A theory holding that national govt is dominant over the states.
- Define state-centered federalism.
- A theory holding that the national govt represents a voluntary compact or agreement between the states, which retain a dominant position.
- Define Tenth Amendment
- The amendment to the Constitution, ratified in 1791, reserving powers to the state.
- Define Compact Theory
- A theory of federalism that became the foundation for the state' rights arguments.
- Define Federal system of govt
- **A means of dividing power between National and State govts.
- Name 4 clauses in the Constitution
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1. National supremacy clause
2. Necessary and Proper clause
3. Interstate Commerce Clause
4. Sixteenth Amendment - Define National Supremacy clause
- Article VI of the constitution, which makes national laws superior to state laws.
- Define Necessary and proper clause.
- Portion of Article I, Section 8, of the constitution that authorized Congress to enact all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out its responsibilities.
- Define Interstate Commerce Clause
- Article I, Section 8, of the US Constitution, which permits congress regulate trade with foreign countries and among the states
- Define 16th Amendment
- Enacted in 1913, an amendment that grants the natl govt the power to levy income taxes.
- Define Devolution
- The delegating of power and programs from the federal to state and local govts.
- Political documents
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Every line addresses who wins and who loses something.
Written by someone who doesn't represent the whole of people - Define Model State Constitutionalism
- An ideal of the structure and contents of a state constitution.
- Define Positive Law tradition
- A state constitutional tradition based on detailed provisions and procedures.
- Define Higher law tradition
- A state constitutional tradition based on basic and enduring principles that reach beyond statutory law.
- Name the years for the 4 MO constitutions
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1821
1865
1875
1945 - 4 ways to change the constitution
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1. Constitutional commission
2. Constitutional convention
3. Initiatives
4. Judicial review/Interpretation - Define Constitutional Convention
- An assembly of delegates chosen by popular election or appointed by popular election or appointed by the legislature or the governor to revise an existing constitution or to create a new one.
- Define Constitutional Commission
- A meeting of delegates appointed by the governor or legislature to study constitutional problems and propose solutions
- Define Initiatives
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A proposed law or constitutional amendment that is placed on the ballot by citizen petition.
Ballot and Legislature proposal - Define Judicial Review
- The power of the US Supreme Court or state supreme courts to declare unconstitutional not only actions of the executive and legislative branches, but also decisions of lower courts.
- Political Science - two types of:
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1. Traditionalist (study people)case studies
2. Behavioralist (study behavior) quantify by numbers. - Define Judicial Federalism
- Idea state supreme courts and state courts basing their decisions on state constitutions instead of national constitutions.