Australian History: Federation to 1914
Terms
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- 'White Australia' Policy
- A restrictive immagration policy followed by Australian governments until the 1960's to prevent non-Europeans from entering Australia.
- Arbitration
- The settlement of disputes by a judge.
- Bill
- Proposed changes to the law by Act of Parliment. A Bill does not become an Act of Parliment until it is passed by both houses of parliament.
- Commonwealth Government
- Government of Australia, also called the federal government or the Australian Government.
- Conciliation
- Reconciling by helping both parties to reach an agreement in a dispute.
- Conscription
- Forcing people to join the armed forces.
- Constitution
- Rules according to which a state is governed.
- Constitutional Monarchy
- A political system in which a monarch is the head of state but in which his or her power is limited by a constitution.
- Democracy
- A political system in which, generally, all adult citizens have the right to vote for their governing representatives.
- Egalitarian
- The priciple of equality amoung people.
- Ferderation
- The joining together of the Australian colonies to become a nation.
- Franchise
- The right to vote at elections.
- Free Trade
- Trade between nations or states that is not restricted by measures to protect a state's industries against competition.
- Fringe Dwellers
- People living in poverty at the edges of country towns.
- Governor-General
- Australian representative of Australia's head of state, the British monarch.
- House of Representatives
- The lower house of the Australian Commonwealth Parliament
- Nationalism
- The feeling of strong loyalty towards a country.
- Paternalism
- A system of control of the affairs of people, as if they were children.
- Premier
- The government leader, or chief minister, of the Australian colonies to 1901 and of the Australian states after federation
- Protection Policies
- Policies adopted by Australian colonial and state governments between the late 1880's and 1909 to control Aboriginal people.
- Referendum (plural Referenda)
- Voting in which electors can express a view on a particular issue. The Australian Constitution can be changed only through a referendum.
- Republic
- A system of government in which the head of state is elected or appointed and is not a monarch. (e.g.: America)
- Senate
- The Upper House of the Australian Commonwealth Parliament, designed to act as a house of review and to represent the interests of the states.
- Socialism
- The idea that industry should be controlled by the public rather than privately owned. Socialists believe that this helps create a fairer, more equal society.
- Suffrage
- The right to vote at elections. (Same as franchise)
- Tariff
- A tax or duty imposed by governments on imported goods to raise money and to protect local industries by making imports more expensive.
- Temperance Movement
- A group of people who campaigned to have alcoholic drinks restricted or banned.
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Trade Union
- An organisation formed to represent workers in an occupation or industry and to campaign for improved wages and conditions.