Unit 5 Review
Unit 5 Flashcards
Terms
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- Montesquieu
- Spirit of law. Bets form of government is separation of power. Power should be split between three different branches. US constitution
- Galileo Galilei
- Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars
- Eugene Delacroix
- x
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- x
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- x
- Age of Absolutism
- Time period where kings and queens ruled domains with total control over their people.
- Louis XIV
- One of the most powerful monarchs in Europe. He ruled for 72 years. Was known the Sun King. Famous saying "L'etat, c'est moi". (I'am the state) Move the capital from Paris to Versailles which became a symbal of power. He expanded Frances power into other areas of Europe.
- Oliver Cromwell
- English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)
- Isaac Newton
- discovered Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, defined the laws of motion and gravity.
- English Bill of Rights
- King William and Queen Mary accepted this document in 1689. It guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently. By accepting this document, they supported a limited monarchy, a system in which they shared their power with Parliament and the people.
- English Civil War
- civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I
- Scientific Method
- a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses
- Frederick the Great
- King of Prussia (1740-1786). Successful in the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and the Seven Years' War (1756-1763), he brought Prussia great military prestige in Europe.
- Divine Right of Kings
- the belief that the authority of kings comes directly from God
- John Locke
- Two treatises of government. Divine right is not true. People are good and reasonable. Three main natural rights life liberty and property. Influenced the Declaration of independence.
- Absolute Monarchy
- Has all the power.
- Charles II
- King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration, a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as strong opposition to Catholicism
- Voltaire
- Candide. Famous for satire. Free speech. Separation of church and state. Influence Us Bill of Rights.
- Johannes Kepler
- discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are elliptical rather that circular
- Peter the Great
- czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government
- Geocentric
- models of the universe based on the assumption that the sun, moon, and planets all orbit Earth
- Heliocentric
- Theroy that sun is center of the universe
- Glorious Revolution
- Bloodless overthrow of King James II that ended the Dominion and established William and Mary as the new leaders.
- Constitution Monarchy
- Shares the power.
- Age of Reason
- a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions
- NIcolaus Copernicus
- suggested that the sun, not Earth, was the center of our solar system (heliocentric)
- Thomas Hobbes
- Leviatthan. The state must have central authority to manage behavior. People are evil. Absolute monarchy was the best form of government.
- Miguel de Cervantes
- x
- Charles I
- king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor
- Enlightenment
- Also called the age of reason and took place in the 18th century. It was developed as a result of the scientific revolution.
- Scientific Revolution
- an era between 16th and 18th centuries when scientists began doing research in a new way using the scientific method
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- The social contract. Government as a contract between rulers and the people. People are naturally good. Best kind of government is Democrasy. Influence the Declaration of independence.
- William Harvey
- English physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood