POLS 2311 Test 1 All
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- What was the Stamp Act?
- law imposed tax on anything printed, including documents, licenses, land titles, newspapers, playing cards
- Before the Stamp Act did Americans pay taxes?
- Yes, but they were primarily for local and service oriented
- What action did the colonies take in regards to the Stamp Act?
- They convene an assembly of all the colonies and drafted a unified response condemning the Stamp Act
- What action did ordinary citizens take in regards to the Stamp Act?
- they rebelled by actions like the Boston Tea Party
- Stamp Act Congress
- Representative of the colonies met to draft a document to the King listing how their rights were being violated.
- When was the Declaration of Independence signed?
- July 4, 1776
- Who signed the Declaration of Independence?
- 56 delegates from the 13 states, Madison, Franklin, Jefferson, Hamilton, Adams
- Who wrote the original draft of the declaration?
- Thomas Jefferson
- Articles of Confederation
- Agreement among the 13 states that ws the basis of their new government. Wasn't ratified by all States until 1781.
- What did the Articles of Confederation not do?
- didn't create a strong central government
- What is a confederation?
- Type of government where the national government gets power from the states. A league of independent states.
- Who proposed the Virginia Plan (Large States)?
- James Madison wrote it and Edmund Randolph presented it to the convention
- What was the Virginia Plan?
- calls for two-house congress which makes laws, overrule state laws, choses the executive & the judiciary
- How is the legislature selected under the Virginia Plan?
- the lower chamber is apportioned by population and the upper chamber is selected by the lower chamber from a lists created by each state
- Why was there so much opposition to the Virginia Plan?
- the plan weakened states rights and power
- Who proposed the New Jersey Plan?
- The small states and presented by William Patterson
- What was the New Jersey Plan?
- calls for a one-house legislature with one vote for one state, congress make laws & judiciary with limited powers
- What major problem came up?
- Couldn't agree on the legislature of either plan, sent plan to a congressional committee work out differences
- What was the Great Compromise (Connecticut Plan)?
- Compromise of the New Jersey Plan & Virginia plan that called for an uppper chamber which would have 2 members from each state and a lower house representation based on the population of each state
- Who said "If men were angels, we wouldn't need government."
- James Madison
- What is checks and balances?
- system in which each branch of government has some power and control to watch over the other branches
- What is separation of powers?
- dividing power of government into 3 branches, executive (president), legislative (congress), judiciary (courts)
- What is a republic?
- A government in which the people pick their leaders, a representative or indirect democracy.
- What is federalism?
- system of government where national and state governments get authority from the people
- What is full faith and credit (Art IV Section 1)?
- States must recognize other states laws (ex. if you get married in Texas, Oklahoma must recognize the marriage)
- Citizen
- Member of the political community to whom certain rights & obligations are attached.
- Civil Society
- Society created when citizens are allowed to organize & express their views publicly about public policy.
- Extradition
- to send someone back to another state to face criminal charges
- What is article IV section 1 of the constitution?
- Full Faith and Credit
- What is article IV section 2 of the constitution?
- Citizen rights are the same in all states (ex. if you commit a crime in one state and go to another state, they must send you back to face justice)
- What is article IV section 4 of the constitution?
- States are guaranteed a republic form of government
- What is article IV section 3 of the constitution?
- Only congress can admit new states, dispose of property, and is the state legislature for all protectorates
- What is the purpose of article V of the constitution?
- To propose new amendments to the constitution
- What must congress do to propose an amendment?
- Must have 2/3 votes of the Senate and 2/3 votes of the house to propose an amendment
- What do the states have to do to propose an an amendment?
- Must have 2/3 of the state legislatures apply to form a constitutional convention
- What must congress do to ratify an amendment?
- Must have 3/4 fo the state legislatures or 3/4 approval of the state conventions
- What is article VI section 1 of the constitution?
- Debts before the constitution are valid after the constitution
- What is article VI section 2 of the constitution?
- The Supremecy Clause, means US constitution and US statutory laws and treaties are supreme to all states and local government.
- What is article VI secftion 3 of the constitution?
- All goverment employees (national, state, & local) must take an oath to support the constitution and no religious test can be required.
- What is article VII of the constitution?
- established method to ratify original 7 articles
- What was needed to ratify the original 7 articles?
- 9 or 13 states must ratify (approve) them
- When was the "Bill of Rights" ratified and right became rights?
- 1791
- When was the beginning of the US and George Washington inaugurated?
- April 30, 1789
- What is the Bill of Rights?
- Amendments 1-10 guaranteeing rights
- What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights?
- To limit the power of the federal government
- What is preferred position doctrine?
- 1st amendment rights are higher that any others, any law that regulates the 1st amendment is unconstitutional
- What is the Establishment Clause of the first amendment?
- guarantees that the government will not create and/or support an official state religion
- What is the Free Exercise Clause?
- Congress shall make no law.....prohibiting the free exercise of religion.
- What is the difference between the establishment clause and the free exercise clause?
- Establishment (no gov. sponsored religion) free will (gov. can't interfer with a citizen exercising religion)
- What was the Wall of Separation?
- the separation of church and state, freedom to practice religion (wall) no state sponsored religion
- What is the 14th Amendment?
- ...nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process by law
- What is the US Militia Act 1903?
- Set up the National Guard as a US Militia which could be drafted
- What is the Uniform Militia Act 1792?
- "Because the current army was not fighting well, Washington urged gov. to set up the Uniformed Militia enrolling every white male citizen 18-45.
- What is the 2nd Amendment
- right to have a militia and bear arms
- What was the McCain - Feingold Act 2002?
- prevents interest groups financed by corporate or union donations from from airing TV/radio ads 2 months prior to election, news groups exempt
- When was the US constitution ratified?
- June 21, 1788
- What is the Lemon Test?
- gov. funds given to church school was constitutional if 1)had a secular (non religion) pupose 2)didn't advance religion 3)didn't entangle the gov. which the church