Unit 5 Review
Unit 5 review flashcards:)
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- Voltaire
- French/ Wrote Candine that was a satire./ Believed in free speech and separation of church and state
- English Civil War
- civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- Born 1756 in Austria. Musical prodigy. Traveled through Europe. Rebelled against church rules. Classical Style,
- Oliver Cromwell
- Ruler England as "Lord Protector" until 1658.Military leader.
- John Locke
- He wrote "Two Treatises of Government," in which he said that it was the duty of government to protect the citizens' natural rights of life, liberty, and property. He also said that in a civil society people had a social contract with their government.
- Peter the Great
- Ruler of Russia (1672-1725). Created first Navy.Tripled Russia's size. Moved capital to St.Petersburg
- Divine Right of Kings
- The belief that the authority of kings comes directly from God.
- Isaac Newton
- Define the law of gravity
- fallow
- Left unplowed and unseeded during a growing season
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- Born 1685 in Germany. From a musical family.Challenged Traditon. Barqque Style: complex, multilayered
- Louis XIV
- King of France(1643-1715) Ruled for 72 yrs. Changed the capital from Paris to Versailles. Made France powerful
- Montesquieu
- French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)
- Johannes Kepler
- took Copernicus's theory to the next level, stating that planets move in ellipses
- Heliocentric
- A description of the solar system in which the SUN is at the center of the revolving planets.
- Nicolaus Copernicus
- Believed that the Earth rotated around the sun in a perfect circle
- Age of Reason
- 18th century in France, England characterized by a critical approach to religious, social, and philosophical matters
- Constitutional monarchy
- A monarch (king/queen) is the official head of state but their power is limited by a constitution
- Geocentric
- models of the universe based on the assumption that the sun, moon, and planets all orbit Earth
- Scientific Method
- A series of logical steps formulated by francis bacon and used in scientific research that stressed observation and experimentation
- Glorious Revolution
- A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne and was replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband, Prince William of Orange.
- Absolute monarchy
- A monarchy that is not limited or restrained by laws or a constitution
- English Bill of Rights
- King William and Queen Mary accepted this document in 1689. It guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently. By accepting this document, they supported a limited monarchy, a system in which they shared their power with Parliament and the people.
- Enlightenment
- A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions
- Age of Absolutism
- From 1650-1789 when European rulers tried to extend their royal or dynastic control over all aspects of life in the lands they ruled
- Charles 1
- Enforced Divine Right. Bring more Absolutist policies to England .Also brought too much Catholic influence. Tried and Executed in 1649 as a "tyrant,traitor, murderer, and public enemy"
- Thomas Hobbes
- English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)
- Galileo Galilei
- Built the telescope and the first to make regular observation with it
- Migual de Cervantes
- Writer of Don Quixote. Considered the novel- about a man wanders through the countryside thinking that he's Knight
- Scientific Revolution
- An era between 16th and 18th centuries when scientists began doing research in a new way using the scientific method
- Jean-Jacquieu Rousseau
- French. Wrote "The Social Contract" (government is a contract btwn rulers and people). Believe humans are naturally good.(1712-1778)
- Eugene Delacroix
- Borm in 1789 in France /Created a the romantic theme: emotion not reason /In his art and used a lot of color in his work. /Also did historic themes.
- William and Mary
- Parliament replaced James II with his daughter MARY and her husband WILLIAM of Orange. William and Mary had to accept the English Bill of Rights
- William Harvey
- refined Vesalius ideas and showed that the heart is the beginning of the blood's circulation
- Frederick the Great
- Ruler of Prussia ( 1713-1740) Made Army powerful.centralized government. Expanded Prussia