Western Civ 2
Terms
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- Moveable Type
- Gutenburg idea from china, changed european language, Ideas and knowledge can spread quickly
- Olive Garden
- Small group of individuals who are powerful because they controle source of wealth
- Mercantalism
- emphasized direct governmental intervention in economic polciy to enhance the genaeral prosperity of the state and to increase polital authority
- Capitalism
- system of production distrubution and exchange in which accumulated wealth is invested by private owners for the sake of gain.
- New World Crops and effects
- Maize and potatoes: resulted in provision of more adequate diet for the poor
- 2 reasons why needed strong central government
- Seafaring and Artillery...why?
- Absolutism
- strong central government that developed where ruler had complete authority over territory.
- Stuart kings
- Kings in europe, got into trouble with money, very catholic tendencies and argued with protestants.
- joint stock
- many individuals go into an organization together to spilt cost and to split benefits.
- What were the two valuable exports from the new world.
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Sugar and tobacco
tobacco was more adaptable - Other valuables from new world
- Fishing and fur trade
- Triangular Trade
- Rum to africa, slaves to west indes, suger to europe and turned into rum
- Versailles
- Place where louie 16th wowed the noblity
- Glourious Revolution
- King and Queen ruled under parliment. Ruled under the law. Goverment under a constitution. Not democracy, rules the governement must operate by
- Act of Toleration
- granted protestants who were not members of the church of england the right to worship though not the right to hold politial office.
- Why called the Glorious Revolution
- No blood was spilt
- Regular Army
- Important conept that strong central gov. needed, used to have to go to nobility, but with funding from mercantalism, could have
- Hapsburg Monorchy
- create secondgreates absoulute monarchy. Foundations of Austrian empire. External threats caused them to become absoulte monarchy
- 2 threats to the Hapsburg monarchy
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1 prostant reformation, were strong catholic and determined to keep it that way.
2. make a stand against the invading turks - Prussia
- not as agriculturally rich as France, Big planters, no military defenses, smallest and weakest of the powers
- Polish Liberties
- Polish nobility, land owners, clug to ancient rights, did not develope strong central gov, not very strong.
- Junkers
- Planter class from Prussia,
- Heliocentricity & Geocentricity
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Sun as center and
Earth as center - Boyle's law
- under constant temperature, the volume of gas decreases propertion to the pressure palced on on it.
- fideism
- Pascal's thoughts that fate, salvation through fate alone.
- fatelism
- whatever will be, will be
- Voltaire
- most famous enlightment thinker in Europe
- Montesquieu
- born nobel family, came up with idea of checks and balances. eventally effected united states constitution. Wrote spirit of laws, most influential work of the enlightnment
- Diderot and the Encyclopedia
- intended to summarize and disseminate all the advanced knowledge. demonstrated how scientifi analysis could be applied in nearly all realms of thought.
- Adam Smith
- founding father of moder economics, price goes up, price goes down, basically supply and demand. Realized the advantage of division of labor
- Diesism
- God was creator, crated universe that works through natural laws.
- 7 years war
- contest for controle of north america
- Palmer Thesis
- financial crises, no choice but to call legilature and try to convince them to pay taxes.
- Shay's rebellion
- rebellion on mass, dictated the necessity of a strong central government.
- Tennis Court Oath
- met at tennis courts to establish a constitution and stay until king accepts it. begginings of democracy
- Bastille Day
- small mob stormed prision, moment that revolution becomes an idea.
- Women's march to versie
- National assembly promotes national gurad. seperate from army.
- Antiroyalist
- thought republich whould be established. anticlergical, not opposed to religion, but opposed to catholic chruch and their ideas
- Marat
- play during French revolution that imiates the insanity and chaos during revolution
- Robspierre
- order all these supsected of ravolution be put to death.
- Consitution of the Year 8
- Napolean crowns himself emperor and gains power beyond dreams. Contraversail
- Battle of trafalgar
- British defeat French navy
- ideas napolean implanted into europe
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1. uniform taxes
2.contental system
3.sound currancy
4.uniform laws
5.idea of a nation