Mod Japan Test 1
Terms
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- Meiji Constitution
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1889
-Japanese people are granted rights from the emperor
-because a gift, emperor can take away rights at any time
-Emperor only sovereign person in Japan
-Administers only responsible to Emperor
-Many believe this is what led to WWII - Namamugi Incident
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1862
-British man who did not bow in front of Samurai as they passed. got killed
-Brits were pissed, demanded apology and money. Daimyo said no
-British came back, destroyed 1/3 of Kagoshima, Daimyo then agreed
*Unifies leadership in domain
*Realize fighting West is wrong move > build army - Triple Intervention
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1895 Germany, Russia, France
in response to the Treaty of Shimonoseki that ended the Sino-Japanese war
-Japan backed down, gave the Liaodong Peninsula back to China - Anglo-Japanese Alliance
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1902
-between Japan and Britain, to combat the alliance between France and Russia
-worked, because France could not afford ongoing war with Britain
-precursor to the Russo-Japanese war for Korea/Manchuria - Terakoya
- "temple schools" provide education to commoners during culture revolution
- Charter Oath
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1868
-emperor got Daimyo to agree- had come in 1 by 1 and bow to emperor, formal and publice ceremony
-worked, no one fought it, daimyo and their samurai fell in line - Mutsu Munemitsu
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Late 1800 becomes foreing min and leads treaty revision. Moves negotiations to London, away from Jap press
*significant because Japan becomes the first country to be a non-white power that is considered "equal" to whites - Mito School
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School of thought that means – Revere the emperor and expel
School of thought believed:
1. Expel barbarians
2. Shogun entrusted to rule Japan through the emperor
Bring back emperor into the rule of the political realm - Yamagata Aritomo
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Realize that samurai sucks as an army
Samurai himself from Choshu
Forward thinking
Establishes a new army – seen as the father of the Japanese Army - Saigo Takamori
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said to send envoy. If then threatened we’ll send army. Send himself. If got killed send army
Later leads the Satsuma Rebellion of 1877 - Treaty of Nanking
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Cession of Hong Kong to British
5 treaty ports (trade conducted)
Extraterritoriality (Chinese won’t try British people)
Not immune. Just not subject to other country’s laws.
Based on racial notions. Cannot expect a white subject to be tried by their (China’s) backward civilization
Artificially low custom duties (British profits go up as a result)
All others begin doing the same (French, etc.)
- Oshio Heihachiro
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Leads rebellion against Bakufu in Osaka in 1837
Is a samurai
A postal worker – worked for the bakufu
Was a part of Confucianism – “Just do somethingâ€
Started attacking government buildings
Set fires – couldn’t put out for 2 days
Burnt ¼ of the city (Osaka) – most buildings are wood
** Important ** - 1st attempt to harness the popular discontent. Included the samurai as well as the commoners - Movement for Freedom and Popular Rights
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-Wanted People to have a voice in the government
-Went around the country giving speeches
People loved him
-Collection of groups formed – basis for all was greater say in government
-Women a part of this movement
1850’s Movement for establishment of parliament
-Called the Diet
-Signed by 100,000 people – petition - Yoshida Shoin
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Believed dramatic action was needed and called for GRASSROOTS PATRIOTS(shishi)
He was an inspiration to his students and other shishi
Knew couldn’t beat west – so decided to learn from them
Had plan to stow away on Perry’s ship and learn from them and then stow away back
Was caught though – arrested and then put on house arrest
At this point became a teacher – created shishi and really started the inspiration for revolution
** Important ** -- Sowing seeds of change - Tokugawa Ieyasu
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Wants to unify Japan, stop Samurai fighting
Establishes government – Tokugawa Shogunate
Establishes Daimyo
Establishes Sankin Kotai
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Okubo Toshumichi
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Founding Father,
From Satsuma – administrator. Smart. - Mitsui
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Part of the Zaibatsu Structure
money lender
Gave government money and government sold companies to them at rock bottom prices - Matsukata Masayoshi
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1881 Finance Minister
From Satsuma. Former Samurai
Disciple of Okubo (sp?)
Controversial figure in Japanese history
inflation goes down
good for govt bad for people
higher taxes people are pissed
RIOTS - Chikamatsu Monzaemon
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1653-1725) – “The Love Suicides at Sonezakiâ€
Most famous playwright. Shakespeare of Japan.
*Part of early cultural revolution