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Globalization,1.3 and 1.4

Terms

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Pre-Industrial Society
food production is the main economic activity.

--hunters/gatherers who are either nomadic or sedentary
--pastoral herders
--agriculturists: horticulturists:small scale feudalism:large scale
Democracy
gov't by the people; rule of the majority
a gov't in which the supremem power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly(citizen) or indirectly (representative) with free elections

MAJORITY OF PEOPLE
dates from French and American revolutions of 18th century
Republic
modern democracy

citizens vote for leaders who make descisions

rule of law--no one-- not even the presidnet--is above the law
totemism
a religion based on the belief that sacred objects possess supernatural power
animism
a religion based on the belief that spirits and ghosts inhabit sacred objects such as trees and rocks
ethicalist religion
a religion that focuses more on sets of abstract ideals than on supernatural powers vested in gods, objects, or animals
power structure
the distribution of power in social systems.
attitutes
positive or negative evaluations of people,objects or situations that often predispose people to feel and behave positively or negatively toward them.
theism
the belief in the existence of a god or gods; specifically: belief in the exdistence of the one god viewed as the creative source of man and the world
monotheism


polytheism
belief in one god



belief in more than one god
atheism
a disbelief in the existence of a diety
the doctrine that there is no diety
agnosticism
non-belief in god/gods. holds position that a diety is unknowable; broadly:one who is not commited to believing in either the existence or the nonexistence of god.
neolocal family
a kinship arrangement in which married couples start new households
patrilocal family
a kinship system in which married couples live near or in the household of the husband's father
matrilocal family
a kinship system in which married couples live in or near the household of the wife's mother
egalitarian family
a family in which authority is evenly divided between husbands and wives
patriarchy
a society or family system organized around dominance by males, especially fathers
matriarchy
a society or family system organized around dominance by females
bilateral descent
kinship arrangements in which descent is traced through both the mother's and fathers blood relatives
patrilineal descent
a kinship system in which descent is traced through fathers and their blood relatives
matrilineal descent
a kinship system in which descent is traced through mothers and their blood relatives
polygyny
marriage between a man and more than one woman at a time
polyandry
marriage between a woman and more than one man at a time
polygamy
marriage to more than one spouse at a time
theocracy
a state dominated by religious leaders and religious institutions
autocracy
dictatorship
a state ruled by a single person
authoritarian power structure
a power structure in which power is concentrated in the hands of a relative few.

person or people inherit power usually without any limits of a constitution
culture
the things that make up a peoples entire way of life
nuclear family
wife, husband, kdis
extended families
many nuclear families together
technology
skillz and tools a people use
diffusion
the movement of customes or ideas from one place to another
subculture
group within a society who share common values and customs
ethnocentrism
judgement of other countries based on own standard
racism
one racial group is superior to another
globalization
describes the increased movement of people, knowledge and ideas, and goods and money across national borders.
interconnected
the connection with each other all over the world
americanization
overwhelming influcence of american pop culture on societies around the world
cultural diffusion
the movement of customs or ideas from one place to another
pop culture
the culturals goods (fashion news etc) created for mass consumption
modernization
the transformation of "traditional" societies into "Western", industrial societies

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