vaccines
Terms
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- MMR vaccine
- contains attenuated strains of the viruses, so creates serum antibodies and virus-specific cell-mediated immunity
- HPV vaccine
- virus contains virus-like particles that express the L1 protein, which is a major capsid protein of the virus, this produces protecting antibodies
- DTaP
- contains toxoids of 2 diseases, and an acellular component of the 3rd, made up of 5 subunits and the major protective antigen that is mutated
- influenza vaccine--injection
- inactivated vaccine, approved for all people over 6 months old
- rotavirus vaccine
- attenuated rhesus virus that expresses human virus surface antigen--the 2 strains are recombined because the genome of this virus is segmented
- influenza vaccine--intranasal
- attenuated vaccine, approved only for healthy, nonpregnant people ages 5-49
- Sabin polio vaccine
- attenuated polio vaccine that generates mucosal immunity in the GI tract to prevent the spread of the virus to the bloodstream
- varicella vaccine
- attenuated vaccine that produces serum antibodies and virus-specific CTLs--protects agains severe cases, but doesn't entirely protect from the virus
- function of DTaP vaccine
- to generate antibodies to the vaccine antigens--to neutralize the toxins produced by the organisms and allow the immune system to kill the organisms
- hepatitis B vaccine
- consists of a recombinant protein grown in yeast; because it's not a live vaccine, 3 injections are needed to generate serum antibodies with full protection
- pneumococcal vaccine
- made of polysaccharides conjugated to a carrier protein and protects against 7 strains that cause most of the serious infections
- rubella vaccine
- the only instance of using a vaccination on one population to protect another population (immunize women to protect babies later)
- Meningococcal disease vaccine
- new vaccine with possibility of severe side effects
- Salk polio vaccine
- inactivated polio vaccine that generates serum antibodies to neutralize the virus in the bloodstream
- Hemophilus influenza type B vaccine
- made of a capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate (conjugating ensures a memory response, because polysaccharides are T-independent antigens)