IS300 Midterm 01
Terms
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- Define MIS
- The development and use of information systems for business objectives
- What is the five-component framework?
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Hardware-Software-Data-
Procedures-People - What are the characteristics of information?
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Derived from manipulation of meaningful data.
Relevant, Timely, worth its cost, accurate - What is the the relationship between IT and IS?
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IT creates the products, methods, standards, inventions to produce information
IS implements the systems and drives development - What is Moores Law>?
- Moores Law states that the number of transistors per square inch on an integrated chip doubles every 18 months, and as a result the speed of the chip also doubles
- How can an IS create a competitive advantage?
- It can create a new product or service, enhance products, differentiate, lock in customers, lock in suppliers, raise barriers to market entry, establish alliances, reduce costs
- How do IS facilitate decision making?
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Operational systems [Transaction Processing S]
Managerial systems
[Managerial Information S]
Strategic systems
[Exectutive Information S] -
What is a structured process?
What kind of system is used? - Automated: understood and accepted method for making the decisions, computer does most the work
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What is a un-structured process?
What kind of system is used? - Augmented: no agreed on decision making process, humans do most the work
- What is a general purpose computer?
- they can run different programs to perform different functions.
- What is a special purpose computer?
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Fixed permanently in memory, serve a specific purpose,
ex: cell phone computer - Name the hardware: Input, Processing, Output, Storage, Communication.
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-Keyboard, Mouse,
-CPU Ram
-Display, speaker, printer
-tapes, optical disk, magnetic disk
-NIC card, router - What does the memory do?
- Memory holds instructions, holds data, and holds operating system
- What does Volatile mean?
- it means that when the computer is powered off the memory is lost, RAM is volitile memory, while the hard disk is nonvolitile
- What does the CPU do?
- the brain, reads data and instructions from the memory, processes them, and then returns results
- What is an instruction set?
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the collection of instructions that a computer can process
pc, mac - What does the OS do?
- manages main memory, processes keystrokes, reads and writes disk files, sends signals to the display
- Can you increase memory speed?
- No
- What is memory swapping?
- When you run out of memory and the computer must swap unused processes to main memory. Slows down the computer
- What is horizontal hardware?
- it is an all purpose application software, like office
- What is verticle software?
- Serves the need of specific tasks, or industry. Like Micros
- How many bits in a byte?
- 8
- How many bytes in a KB?
- 1024
- How many KB in a MB
- 1024KB
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what does 01000001 equal?
what does 111 equal?
101? -
=2^0+2^6 = 65
=2^0+2^1+2^2=7
=5 - What are the components of a database system?
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Database:Tables relationsships among rows, metadata
DBMS: manages system
DBAPPS: forms , queries, reports - What are the columns called?
- fields
- What are the rows called?
- records
- What is a foreign key?
- a non-key field in one table that links to a primary key in another table
- What is an entity?
- What you want to track, becomes the "tables" in your database
- What is normalization?
- the process of converting poorly structured tables into two or more well-structured tables
- How do you place keys for 1:1, 1:N, and N:M relationships?
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1:1= fkey can go a:b or b:a
1:M= 1 is fkey of Many
N:M= create a seperate key table - What is a database?
- a self describing collection of integrated records
- What is a network protocal?
- a standard means for coordinating an activity between two or more entities
- What protocal do we use?
- TCP/IP-OSI
- Layer 5
- application layer: http-ftp-smtp> governs how applications work together
- Layer 4
- Transport: TCP unifies communcation, breaksdown messages into segments, then packages "envelope to and from" the segmetns
- Layer 3
- IP: routes packets across an internet
- Layer 2 & 1
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IP to MAC adress> packeges packets into frames
Segments>packets>frames - What is a LAN?
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a group of computers connected together on a single site
NIC>Switch<NIC
NIC> <AP------WNIC - What is the most used LAN protocal?
- Ethernet
- What layer does ethernet operate at?
- 1 and 2
- What is a WAN?
- Wide area network: connects computers located at physically separated sites.
- What is a PSDN? Why would I want to use one?
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A public switch alternative, a WAN alternative=
each site leases a line, once a site has connected to the psdn "pop" point of presence, the site obtains access to all other sites connected.
Reduces costs as they dont have to pay for entire network - What is a VPN?
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Virtual Private Network: uses the public internet to create the appearance of a private connection. Creates a "secure" encrypted tunnel.
* Offer the benefit of point to point leased lines - What are some of the criteria for comparing alternatives?
- Setup costs, operational costs, maintenance costs, speed latency, availability, lossrate, performance
- What is the DHCP?
- Dynamic host configuration protocol: allocates ip in a lan
- What do switches work with, and at what layer?
- Frames, at layer 2 using mac adresses
- What do routers work with, and at what layer?
- Packets, at layer 3 using ip addresses
- What is DNS?
- domain name system: changes "names" to ip
- What is NAT?
- Network Address translation: changes public ip adresses to the private ip addresses located on the lan
- What is CRM
- Customer relations management system: sales management, customer support
- What is ERP?
- Enterprise resource planning: integrates all of the organizations principal processes.
- What is EAI?
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Enterprise application integration: conects system "islands" via a new layer of software
Enables a gradual move to ERP - What are three kinds of information systems?
- Calculation, functional, andintegrated systems.