MIS 250/350 ch8 vocab
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- A networking technology that parcels information into 8-byte cells, allowing data to be transmitted between computers from different vendors at any speed.
- Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
- Part of a network handling the major traffic and providing the primary path for traffic flowing to or from other networks.
- Backbone
- The capacity of a communications channel as measured by the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be transmitted by that channel.
- Bandwidth
- High-speed transmission technology. Also designates a single communications medium that can transmit multiple channels of data simultaneously.
- Broadband
- Network topology linking a number of computers by a single circuit with all messages broadcast to the entire network.
- Bus Network
- Modem designed to operate over cable TV lines to provide high-speed access to the Web or corporate intranets.
- Cable Modem
- An interconnected set of local area networks in a limited geographical area such as a college or corporate campus.
- Campus area Network (CAN)
- Live, interactive conversations over a public network.
- Chat
- A transmission medium consisting of thickly insulated copper wire; can transmit large volumes of data quickly.
- Coaxial Cable
- The ability of computers and computer-based devices to communicate with each other and share information in a meaningful way without human intervention.
- Connectivity
- Technology for boosting transmission capacity of optical fiber by using many different wavelengths to carry separate streams of data over the same fiber strand at the same time.
- Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
- A group of technologies providing high-capacity transmission over existing copper telephone lines.
- Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
- English-like name that corresponds to the unique 32-bit numeric Internet Protocol (IP) address for each computer connected to the Internet
- Domain Name
- A hierarchical system of servers maintaining a database enabling the conversion of domain names to their numeric IP addresses.
- Domain Name System (DNS)
- The computer-to-computer exchange of messages.
- E mail (e-mail)
- A fast, light, and durable transmission medium consisting of thin strands of clear glass fiber bound into cables. Data are transmitted as light pulses.
- Fiber-Optic Cable
- Tool for retrieving and transferring files from a remote computer.
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
- Hardware and software placed between an organization's internal network and an external network to prevent outsiders from invading private networks.
- Firewall
- A shared network service technology that packages data into bundles for transmission but does not use error-correction routines. Cheaper and faster than packet switching.
- Frame Relay
- Software that provides functions and services that support the collaborative activities of work groups.
- Groupware
- Measure of frequency of electrical impulses per second, with 1 Hertz equivalent to 1 cycle per second.
- Hertz
- A World Wide Web text and graphical screen display that welcomes the user and explains the organization that has established the page.
- Home Page
- Very simple devices that connect network components, sending a packet of data to all other connected devices.
- Hubs
- The communications standard used to transfer pages on the Web. Defines how messages are formatted and transmitted.
- Hypertext Transport Protocol
- Device that has been customized to perform a few specialized computing tasks well with minimal user effort.
- Information Appliance
- Chat service that allows participants to create their own private chat channels so that a person can be alerted whenever someone on his or her private list is on-line to initiate a chat session with that particular individual.
- Instant Messaging
- International standard for transmitting voice, video, image, and data to support a wide range of service over the public telephone lines.
- Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
- Four-part numeric address indicating a unique computer location on the Internet.
- Internet Protocol (IP) Address
- A commercial organization with a permanent connection to the Internet that sells temporary connections to subscribers.
- Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- Technologies that use the Internet Protocol's packet-switched connections for voice service.
- Internet Telephony
- Research network with new protocols and transmission speeds that provides an infrastructure for supporting high-bandwidth Internet applications.
- Internet2
- The linking of separate networks, each of which retains its own identity, into an interconnected network.
- Internetworking
- On-line discussion groups using e-mail broadcast from mailing list servers.
- LISTSERV
- A telecommunications network that requires its own dedicated channels and that encompasses a limited distance, usually one building or several buildings in close proximity.
- Local Area Network (LAN)
- Network that spans a metropolitan area, usually a city and its major suburbs. Its geographic scope falls between a WAN and a LAN.
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
- A device for translating a computer's digital signals into analog form for transmission over ordinary telephone lines, or for translating analog signals back into digital form for reception by a computer.
- Modem
- Transmission of data to a selected group of recipients.
- Multicasting
- Ability of a single communications channel to carry data transmissions from multiple sources simultaneously.
- Multiplexing
- Expansion card inserted into a computer to enable it to connect to a network.
- Network Interface Card (NIC)
- Special software that routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources.
- Network Operating system (NOS)
- Less widely used network connectivity model developed by International Standards Organization for linking different types of computers and networks.
- Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)
- High-speed networking technologies for transmitting data in the form of light pulses.
- Optical Network
- Technology that breaks messages into small, fixed bundles of data and routes them in the most economical way through any available communications channel.
- Packet Switching
- Network architecture that gives equal power to all computers on the network; used primarily in small networks.
- Peer-to-Peer
- A set of rules and procedures that govern transmission between the components in a network.
- Protocol
- Method of obtaining relevant information on networks by having a computer broadcast information directly to the user based on prespecified interests.
- "Push" Technology
- A network topology in which all computers are linked by a closed loop in a manner that passes data in one direction from one computer to another.
- Ring Network
- Specialized communications processor that forwards packets of data from one network to another network.
- Router
- A tool for locating specific sites or information on the Internet.
- Search Engine
- Payment to a search service to display a sponsored link to a company's Web site as a way of advertising that company.
- Search-Based Advertising
- Collaborative effort led by the World Wide Web Consortium to make Web searching more efficient by reducing the amount of human involvement in searching for and processing web information.
- Semantic Web
- A network topology in which all computers and other devices are connected to a central host computer. All communications between network devices must pass through the host computer.
- Star Network
- Device to connect network components that has more intelligence than a hub and can filter and forward data to a specified destination.
- Switch
- High-speed data lines leased from communications providers, such as T-1 lines (with a transmission capacity of 1.544 Mbps).
- T lines
- Group collaboration software that is customized for teamwork.
- Teamware
- Network tool that allows someone to log on to one computer system while doing work on another.
- Telnet
- The way in which the components of a network are connected.
- Topology
- Dominant model for achieving connectivity among different networks. Provides a universally agree-on method for breaking up digital messages into packets, routing them to the proper addresses, and then reassembling them into coherent messages.
- Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
- A transmission medium consisting of pairs of twisted copper wires; used to transmit analog phone conversations but can be used for data transmission.
- Twisted Wire
- System combining voice messages, e-mail, and fax so that they can all be obtained from a single system.
- Unified Messaging
- The address of a specific resource on the Internet.
- Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
- Forums in which people share information and ideas on a defined topic through large electronic bulletin boards where anyone can post messages on the topic for others to see and to which others can respond.
- Usenet
- A secure connection between two points across the Internet to transmit corporate data. Provides a low-cost alternative to a private network.
- Virtual Private Network (VPN)
- Facilities for managing the delivery of voice information using the Internet Protocol (IP).
- Voice over IP (VoIP)
- The person in charge of an organization's Web site.
- Webmaster
- Telecommunications network that spans a large geographical distance. May consist of a variety of cable, satellite, and microwave technologies.
- Wide Area Network (WAN)