Pharmacology Comprehensive
Terms
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- Quick Relief of Asthma
-
1. Beta 2 agonists
(pirbuterol, albuterol, levalbuterol)
2. anti-cholinergics (ipratropium) - Side effects of Beta 2 agonists
-
- skeletal muscle tremor
- tachycardia - Long term control of Asthma
-
1. anti-IgE-Ab
2. Long acting Beta 2 agonists
3. theophylline
4. corticosteroids
5. mast cell stabilizers
6. leukotriene modifiers - Long acting Beta 2 agonists
-
- FORMOTEROL
- Salmeterol - corticosteroid for asthma
- - budesonide
- short term side effects of corticosteroids
-
- cough
- dysphonia
- thrush
- fluid retention
- weight gain
- mood alteration - long term side effects of corticosteroids
-
- adrenal axis suppression
- growth suppression
- HTN
- DM
- cataracts
- osteoporosis - Mast cell stabilizer for asthma and its side effect
-
- cromolyn
- unpleasant taste - Anti-IgE-Ab
- - Omalizumab
- Anticholinergic side effects
- - dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation...etc.
- COPD bronchodilator treatment
-
1. long acting Beta 2 agonist
(formoterol)
2. anti-cholinergic (ipratropium) - Non-nicotinic treatment used for smoking cessation
-
1. Buprion (Zyban)
2. TCAs
3. Lobeline (not available) - Treatment of Stable Angina
-
1. Anti-platelets
2. Beta-blockers
3. CCB
4. Nitrates - 1st line treatment in stable angina (in absence of CI)
- - beta blockers
- 2nd line treatment in stable angina
- - CCB
- 1st line treatment for vasospastic angina
- - CCB
- when does prinzmetals variant angina (vasospastic) occur?
- - in the morning and at rest
- Nitrates
-
1. NTG
2. isosorbide dinitrate
3. isosorbide mononitrate - MOA of Nitrates
-
- increase cGMP
- increase venodilation
- increase arterial dilation
(decreasing preload and afterload) - Nitrate - drug interaction
- - Viagra within last 24 hours
-
Beta blockers
a) selective
b) non-selective -
a) selective - BBAAM
b) nonselective - the rest
- all end in "olol" - Beta blockers - MOA
-
- decrease contractility
- decrease HR
- decrease arterial pressure
- decrease MVO2 demand - Beta blockers - CI
-
- AV block without pacemaker
- decompensated HF
- HR < 50
- systolic BP < 90
- asthma/COPD
- PVD
- masks sxs of hypoglycemia - Beta-blocker - cardioselectivity
- - selective BBs have great affinity for beta 1 receptors vs. nonselective (beta 1 and 2)
-
CCBs
a) Non-dihydropyridines
b) Dihydropyridines -
a) verapamil, diltiazem
b) "dipine" - CCB - MOA
-
- increase O2 supply
- decrease MVO2 demand
- decrease contractility
- decrease HR
- decrease afterload - CCB - CI
-
- AV block without pacemaker
- bradycardia
- systolic HF - Antiplatelets
-
1. ASA
2. Clopidogril, Ticlopidine (Thienopyridines) - ASA indications
-
- indicated for all patients with ischemic heart disease without CI
- prevention of UA, MI and death - absolute contraindication in UA/NSTEMI
- - thrombolytics
- Treatment of UA/NSTEMI
-
1. Anti-platelets
2. Anti-coagulation
3. ACE-Is - Anti-platelet therapy (listed for UA/NSTEMI)
-
1. ASA
2. Clopidogrel
3. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockers - Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockers
-
1. Reopro
2. Aggrastat
3. Integrillin - Anti-coagulation Therapy (UA/NSTEMI)
-
1. LMWH (Lovenox) - preferred tx
2. UFH - ACE-Is
- - "prils"
- atopic dermatitis (eczema)
-
Steroids:
1. Aclovate (cm)
2. Elidel (cm) - vaginal candidiasis
-
1. Fluconazole (Diflucan)
2. Clotrimazole (Gyne-Lotrimin vaginal suppositories) - acne rosacea
-
1. metrogel
2. clindagel - herpetic neuralgia
-
1. Zostrix (capsaicin cream)
2. Elavil tablets (TCA)
3. Neurontin capsules (gabapentin) -
Herpes
a) HSV 1 & 2
b) Zoster -
a) Fever sore and Facial:
Abreva, Valtrex (valcyclovir)
b) Valtrex, prednisone po, tapered - DOC for obese DM II patients
- - metformin
-
Adverse effects of this DM II oral agent include:
- hypoglycemia
- photosensitivity
- disulfiram reaction - - sulfonylurea
-
Pramlintide
a) indication
b) targets...
c) action -
a) adjuvant therapy for DMI & II
b) post prandial hyperglycemia
c) improves long-term glycemic and weight control in DM II pts. - Treatment of Lipid Disorders
-
1. HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors
2. Bile acid resins
3. Niacin
4. Fibric acid derivatives
5. Cholesterol absorption inhibitors - HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors
- - "statins"
-
HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors
- MOA - - inhibit rate limiting step in novo cholesterol biosynthesis